Concavity as a diagnostic feature of visual scenes.
Concavity as a diagnostic feature of visual scenes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117920
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发表时间：
2021-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Dilks DD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng A;Walther DB;Park S;Dilks DD
尽管对人类视觉场景或地点处理的神经机制进行了二十多年的研究，但仍然不知道“场景”到底是什么。直觉上，我们总是在一个场景中，同时与物体的外部进行交互。因此，我们假设场景的一个诊断特征可以是描绘“内部”的图像，并且预测如果图像是场景诊断特征，则：1）描绘图像的图像，甚至非场景图像（例如，物体的“内部”--或凹面物体）将比描绘凸面的那些更经常地在行为上被分类为场景，以及2）皮层场景处理系统将比凸面图像更响应凹面图像。正如预测的那样，参与者将凹物体归类为场景的频率高于凸物体，并且，使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），两个场景选择性皮质区域（海马旁位置区，PPA和枕叶位置区，OPA）对凹物体的反应明显高于凸物体。令人惊讶的是，我们没有发现凹建筑物和凸建筑物之间的行为或神经差异。然而，在后续实验中，使用严格控制的图像，我们揭示了对场景边界的凸性的选择性敏感性（即，在PPA和OPA中。此外，我们发现，即使是高度贫困的线条画的凹形状的行为分类为场景往往比凸形状。总之，这些结果提供了收敛的行为和神经的证据，证明重复是视觉场景的诊断功能。
Despite over two decades of research on the neural mechanisms underlying human visual scene, or place, processing, it remains unknown what exactly a “scene” is. Intuitively, we are always inside a scene, while interacting with the outside of objects. Hence, we hypothesize that one diagnostic feature of a scene may be concavity, portraying “inside”, and predict that if concavity is a scene-diagnostic feature, then: 1) images that depict concavity, even non-scene images (e.g., the “inside” of an object – or concave object), will be behaviorally categorized as scenes more often than those that depict convexity, and 2) the cortical scene-processing system will respond more to concave images than to convex images. As predicted, participants categorized concave objects as scenes more often than convex objects, and, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), two scene-selective cortical regions (the parahippocampal place area, PPA, and the occipital place area, OPA) responded significantly more to concave than convex objects. Surprisingly, we found no behavioral or neural differences between images of concave versus convex buildings. However, in a follow-up experiment, using tightly-controlled images, we unmasked a selective sensitivity to concavity over convexity of scene boundaries (i.e., walls) in PPA and OPA. Furthermore, we found that even highly impoverished line drawings of concave shapes are behaviorally categorized as scenes more often than convex shapes. Together, these results provide converging behavioral and neural evidence that concavity is a diagnostic feature of visual scenes.
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