Extinction of drug- and withdrawal-paired cues in animal models: relevance to the treatment of addiction.
Extinction of drug- and withdrawal-paired cues in animal models: relevance to the treatment of addiction.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.01.011
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Carlezon, William A., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Myers, Karyn M.;Carlezon, William A., Jr.
关键词：
条件性药物渴望和戒断与药物使用或急性戒断配对的线索是导致强迫性药物服用的许多因素之一。了解如何阻止这些线索产生这些影响是成瘾研究的一个主要目标。灭绝是一种学习形式，在这种学习中，线索和它们所预测的事件之间的联系由于在没有这些事件的情况下暴露于线索而被削弱。来自动物模型的证据表明，对药物线索的条件反应可以被消除，尽管这种情况在人类中发生的程度存在争议。对条件性药物渴求和戒断消退的神经生物学底物的研究可能有助于在临床环境中成功使用药物线索消退。虽然这项工作仍处于早期阶段，但有迹象表明，药物和戒断配对线索的消失与条件性恐惧的消失有着共同的神经机制。使用恐惧消退文献作为模板，有可能将对药物线索消退的观察组织成一个有凝聚力的框架。
Conditioned drug craving and withdrawal elicited by cues paired with drug use or acute withdrawal are among the many factors contributing to compulsive drug taking. Understanding how to stop these cues from having these effects is a major goal of addiction research. Extinction is a form of learning in which associations between cues and the events they predict are weakened by exposure to the cues in the absence of those events. Evidence from animal models suggests that conditioned responses to drug cues can be extinguished, although the degree to which this occurs in humans is controversial. Investigations into the neurobiological substrates of extinction of conditioned drug craving and withdrawal may facilitate the successful use of drug cue extinction within clinical contexts. While this work is still in the early stages, there are indications that extinction of drug- and withdrawal-paired cues shares neural mechanisms with extinction of conditioned fear. Using the fear extinction literature as a template, it is possible to organize the observations on drug cue extinction into a cohesive framework.
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