SARS-CoV-2 human T cell epitopes: Adaptive immune response against COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 human T cell epitopes: Adaptive immune response against COVID-19.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2021.05.010
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发表时间:
2021-07-14
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Sette A
Sette A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grifoni A;Sidney J;Vita R;Peters B;Crotty S;Weiskopf D;Sette A

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在过去的一年里,同行评审和预印本文献中的大量研究报告了冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 的病毒学、流行病学和临床特征。迄今为止,已有 25 项研究调查并鉴定了人类中源自 SARS-CoV-2 的 T 细胞表位。在这里,我们回顾了这些最近的研究、它们是如何进行的以及它们的发现。我们回顾了整个 SARS-CoV2 蛋白质组中识别的表位如何揭示定义的表位数量与抗原来源大小之间的显着相关性。我们还报告了对从这些研究中汇编的 SARS-CoV-2 人类 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞表位数据进行的额外分析,识别了 1,400 个不同的报告 SARS-CoV-2 表位,并揭示了病毒的离散免疫优势区域和更普遍认可的表位。这种表位库的广泛性对 SARS-CoV-2 变体的疫苗设计、交叉反应性和免疫逃逸具有重要意义。在这篇评论中,Grifoni 等人。对调查 SARS-CoV-2 衍生的人类 CD4 和 CD8 T 细胞表位和宿主免疫反应的最新研究进行了比较和统一的讨论。它还提供了可以影响 SARS-CoV-2 变体的疫苗设计、交叉反应和免疫逃逸监测的信息。
Over the past year, numerous studies in the peer reviewed and preprint literature have reported on the virological, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. To date, 25 studies have investigated and identified SARS-CoV-2-derived T cell epitopes in humans. Here, we review these recent studies, how they were performed, and their findings. We review how epitopes identified throughout the SARS-CoV2 proteome reveal significant correlation between number of epitopes defined and size of the antigen provenance. We also report additional analysis of SARS-CoV-2 human CD4 and CD8 T cell epitope data compiled from these studies, identifying 1,400 different reported SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and revealing discrete immunodominant regions of the virus and epitopes that are more prevalently recognized. This remarkable breadth of epitope repertoire has implications for vaccine design, cross-reactivity, and immune escape by SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this review, Grifoni et al. present a comparative and unified discussion of the latest research investigating SARS-CoV-2-derived human CD4 and CD8 T cell epitopes and host immune response. It further provides information that can impact vaccine design, cross-reactivity, and immune escape monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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