Endoplasmic reticulum stress and type 2 diabetes.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and type 2 diabetes.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-072909-095555
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Kaufman RJ
Kaufman RJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Back SH;Kaufman RJ

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考虑到内质网(ER)的功能重要性,内质网是一种将分泌蛋白和膜蛋白折叠、修饰和运输到高尔基体区室的细胞器,维持胰岛素分泌β细胞中的ER稳态非常重要。当ER稳态被破坏时,ER产生适应性信号传导通路,称为未折叠蛋白反应(UPR),以维持该细胞器的稳态。然而,如果体内平衡不能恢复,ER启动死亡信号通路。新的观察结果表明,慢性高血糖和高脂血症,被称为2型糖尿病(T2D)的重要致病因素,破坏ER稳态,诱导无法解决的UPR激活和β细胞死亡。本文综述了高糖和游离脂肪酸(FFA)诱导的UPR通路如何相互作用,破坏ER功能,导致β细胞功能障碍和死亡。
Given the functional importance of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle that performs folding, modification, and trafficking of secretory and membrane proteins to the Golgi compartment, the maintenance of ER homeostasis in insulin-secreting β-cells is very important. When ER homeostasis is disrupted, the ER generates adaptive signaling pathways, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), to maintain homeostasis of this organelle. However, if homeostasis fails to be restored, the ER initiates death signaling pathways. New observations suggest that both chronic hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, known as important causative factors of type 2 diabetes (T2D), disrupt ER homeostasis to induce unresolvable UPR activation and β-cell death. This review examines how the UPR pathways, induced by high glucose and free fatty acids (FFAs), interact to disrupt ER function and cause β-cell dysfunction and death.
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