Looking for intoolligence: A unified framework for the cognitive study of human tool use and technology.

Looking for intoolligence: A unified framework for the cognitive study of human tool use and technology.
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寻找智能:人类工具使用和技术认知研究的统一框架。

DOI:
10.1037/amp0000162
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
The American psychologist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Osiurak F
Osiurak F
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Osiurak F

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人类通过制造和建造许多工具、技术和建筑,极大地改变了他们的环境。这种与其他动物相比独特的能力是不同心理学领域研究人员关注的焦点。然而,所提出的定义存在混乱,导致在这些不同领域之间建立联系产生了困难。本文提出了第一个统一框架(即智能),旨在通过关注人类工具使用和技术所采取的不同形式所涉及的认知过程,而不是公开行为来克服这些问题。为了奠定智能的基础,我们首先要解决一系列认识论上的误解,它们是当前混乱的根源。特别是,我们讨论了工具使用依赖于特定认知技能(以工具使用的操作方面为中心)这一普遍观点的局限性。基于此分析,我们开发了有关我们框架的详细信息,该框架基于“制作和使用是两个独立的认知步骤”这一关键原则。这种区别使我们能够重新定义工具的使用,将其分为三种模式:辅助工具使用、任意工具使用和自由工具使用。本文开启了人类工具使用和技术这一主题的新篇章。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c)2018 APA,保留所有权利)
Humans have considerably modified their environment by making and building a number of tools, technologies, and constructions. This unique ability compared to other animals is the focus of researchers in different fields of psychology. However, there is confusion about the definitions proposed, generating difficulties in making connections between those different fields. This article presents the first unified framework (ie, intoolligence) aiming to overcome these issues by focusing on the cognitive processes involved in the different forms taken by human tool use and technology, rather than on the overt behavior. To lay the foundation for intoolligence, we first address a series of epistemological misconceptions, which are the root cause for the current confusion. Particularly, we discuss the limitations of the widespread idea that tool use relies on specific cognitive skills, centered on the manipulative aspect of tool use. We develop, based on this analysis, details concerning our framework, which is based on the key principle that making and using are 2 independent cognitive steps. This distinction allows us to redefine tool use by breaking it down into 3 modes: assistive tool use, arbitrary tool use, and free tool use. This article opens a new chapter on the topic of human tool use and technology.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
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