Human organ donor-derived vagus nerve biopsies allow for well-preserved ultrastructure and high-resolution mapping of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
Human organ donor-derived vagus nerve biopsies allow for well-preserved ultrastructure and high-resolution mapping of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-03248-1
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-13
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Powley TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Havton LA;Biscola NP;Stern E;Mihaylov PV;Kubal CA;Wo JM;Gupta A;Baronowsky E;Ward MP;Jaffey DM;Powley TL
迷走神经提供多个器官的运动、感觉和自主神经支配，并且迷走神经电刺激（VNS）为例如药物难治性癫痫和难治性抑郁症提供连续治疗选择。迷走神经刺激的作用机制尚不清楚，需要对人类迷走神经进行高分辨率的解剖测绘，以更好地了解其功能组织。有髓和无髓轴突的检测都需要电子显微镜（EM），但用于超微结构研究的保存完好的人类迷走神经很少。完整的人迷走神经样本是在手术中从死亡的器官供体获得的，组织立即浸没固定并进行EM处理。颈段和小脑下迷走神经节段的超微结构研究显示髓鞘的层状壁保存良好，有髓和无髓纤维的轴膜完整。微管，神经丝，线粒体很容易确定的轴质，和许旺细胞核，雷马克束，和基膜的超微结构的完整性也保存完好。有髓和无髓轴突的数字分割允许确定纤维大小和髓鞘形成。我们提出了一种新的来源，人类迷走神经组织的详细超微结构研究和映射，以支持努力完善神经调节策略，包括迷走神经刺激。
The vagus nerve provides motor, sensory, and autonomic innervation of multiple organs, and electrical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) provides an adjunctive treatment option for e.g. medication-refractory epilepsy and treatment-resistant depression. The mechanisms of action for VNS are not known, and high-resolution anatomical mapping of the human vagus nerve is needed to better understand its functional organization. Electron microscopy (EM) is required for the detection of both myelinated and unmyelinated axons, but access to well-preserved human vagus nerves for ultrastructural studies is sparse. Intact human vagus nerve samples were procured intra-operatively from deceased organ donors, and tissues were immediately immersion fixed and processed for EM. Ultrastructural studies of cervical and sub-diaphragmatic vagus nerve segments showed excellent preservation of the lamellated wall of myelin sheaths, and the axolemma of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers were intact. Microtubules, neurofilaments, and mitochondria were readily identified in the axoplasm, and the ultrastructural integrity of Schwann cell nuclei, Remak bundles, and basal lamina was also well preserved. Digital segmentation of myelinated and unmyelinated axons allowed for determination of fiber size and myelination. We propose a novel source of human vagus nerve tissues for detailed ultrastructural studies and mapping to support efforts to refine neuromodulation strategies, including VNS.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Hammer N;Glätzner J;Feja C;Kühne C;Meixensberger J;Planitzer U;Schleifenbaum S;Tillmann BN;Winkler D
通讯作者：
Winkler D
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Pelot NA;Goldhagen GB;Cariello JE;Musselman ED;Clissold KA;Ezzell JA;Grill WM
通讯作者：
Grill WM
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Cao, Yiming;Shahrestani, Sara;Pleass, Henry
通讯作者：
Pleass, Henry
影响因子：
81.5
作者：
Feldman, Eva L.;Callaghan, Brian C.;Viswanathan, Vijay
通讯作者：
Viswanathan, Vijay
影响因子：
--
作者：
HOFFMAN, HH;SCHNITZLEIN, HN
通讯作者：
SCHNITZLEIN, HN