The role of spatiotemporal organization and dynamics of clock complexes in circadian regulation.

The role of spatiotemporal organization and dynamics of clock complexes in circadian regulation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceb.2022.102129
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发表时间:
2022-10
影响因子:
7.5
通讯作者:
Yadlapalli S
Yadlapalli S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yuan Y;Xiao Y;Yadlapalli S

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生物钟是细胞自主的计时器,它调节许多基因表达的~24小时振荡,并控制我们几乎所有行为和生理的节奏。人体中几乎每个细胞都有一个分子时钟,包含时钟蛋白的细胞网络在许多生理过程中协调每日的节奏,从睡眠-醒来周期到新陈代谢再到免疫。所有真核生物的生物钟都是基于转录翻译延迟的负反馈环,在这个环中,核心时钟基因的激活受到其同源蛋白产物的负调控。我们目前对生物钟的了解是通过几十年的遗传和生化实验积累起来的,然而,对于生物钟细胞内时钟蛋白、基因和mRNAs是如何在时空上组织以及这种亚细胞组织如何在单细胞水平上影响昼夜节律的了解仍然很少。在这里,我们回顾了最近的进展,了解时钟蛋白和基因是如何在昼夜节律周期中在时钟细胞内空间组织的,以及这种组织在产生昼夜节律中的作用,并强调了未来研究的开放问题。
Circadian clocks are cell autonomous timekeepers that regulate ~24-h oscillations in the expression of many genes and control rhythms in nearly all our behavior and physiology. Almost every cell in the human body has a molecular clock and networks of cells containing clock proteins orchestrate daily rhythms in many physiological processes, from sleep–wake cycles to metabolism to immunity. All eukaryotic circadian clocks are based on transcription–translation delayed negative feedback loops in which activation of core clock genes is negatively regulated by their cognate protein products. Our current understanding of circadian clocks has been accumulated from decades of genetic and biochemical experiments, however, what remains poorly understood is how clock proteins, genes, and mRNAs are spatiotemporally organized within live clock cells and how such subcellular organization affects circadian rhythms at the single cell level. Here, we review recent progress in understanding how clock proteins and genes are spatially organized within clock cells over the circadian cycle and the role of such organization in generating circadian rhythms and highlight open questions for future studies.
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