How Do Inorganic Students Represent Molecular Orbitals? A Multi-Institutional Study from the Foundation-Level Inorganic Chemistry Course

How Do Inorganic Students Represent Molecular Orbitals? A Multi-Institutional Study from the Foundation-Level Inorganic Chemistry Course
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无机学生如何表示分子轨道?

DOI:
10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00823
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发表时间:
2024
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Lin, Shirley
Lin, Shirley
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Reisner, Barbara A.;Kinkaid, Melissa M.;Pratt, Justin M.;Bentley, Anne K.;Stewart, Joanne L.;Smith, Sheila R.;Raker, Jeffrey R.;Lin, Shirley

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学生和教师表示的分子轨道(MO)的这种调查使用的知识,从实践社区建立集体教学内容的知识,学生的理解,分子轨道表示在基础级无机化学课程。参与者被要求画出氢化锂分子的成键和反键MO。根据五个标准对学生生成的MO图像进行了分析和表征:选择的原子轨道、波函数的符号、原子轨道对分子轨道的相对贡献、原子轨道的重叠和MO的形状。虽然大多数学生正确地选择了一个基组,并准确地表示了MO波函数的符号,但他们在勾勒原子轨道对分子轨道的相对贡献、原子轨道的重叠和MO的形状方面却不太成功。学生对MO草图中编码的信息的理解不完整,并且可能不会像教师那样对这些图片赋予意义。这些结果表明,教师需要帮助学生发展的代表能力,以实现更专业的理解MO表示,并连接到分子的性质,这些prophections。
This investigation of student and instructor representations of molecular orbitals (MOs) uses the knowledge from a community of practice to build collective pedagogical content knowledge of student understanding of molecular orbital representations in the foundation-level inorganic chemistry course. Participants were asked to sketch the bonding and antibonding MOs of a lithium hydride molecule. The student-generated images of MOs were analyzed and characterized according to five criteria: the atomic orbitals chosen, the sign of the wavefunction, the relative contribution of the atomic orbitals to the molecular orbitals, the overlap of atomic orbitals, and the shape of the MOs. While most students correctly chose a basis set and accurately represented the sign of the wavefunction for the MOs, they were less successful at sketching the relative contribution of the atomic orbitals to the molecular orbitals, the overlap of atomic orbitals, and the shape of the MOs. Students have an incomplete understanding of the information encoded in MO sketches and may not attribute meaning to these pictures in the same way that instructors may. These results suggest that instructors need to help students develop representational competence in order to achieve a more expert-like understanding of MO representations and to connect these depictions to the properties of molecules.
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