Exercise, abdominal obesity, skeletal muscle, and metabolic risk: evidence for a dose response.
Exercise, abdominal obesity, skeletal muscle, and metabolic risk: evidence for a dose response.
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2009.385
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发表时间：
2009-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Kraus, William E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slentz, Cris A.;Houmard, Joseph A.;Kraus, William E.
肥胖者患心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险增加。然而，有些肥胖者没有代谢异常。因此，脂肪组织本身并不重要，但它的位置可能对确定代谢结果很重要。定期锻炼可以通过多种机制降低代谢疾病的风险。这份报告的目的是强调一些关于运动（以及久坐不动的生活方式）对腹部肥胖，内脏脂肪和代谢风险影响的基于疗效的数据。我们还讨论了骨骼肌中脂肪酸氧化（FAO）受损如何与胰岛素抵抗和体重增加有关。总之，很明显，足够量的运动可以导致体重，总身体脂肪和内脏脂肪的大幅减少。此外，现在有证据支持运动量和这些变化之间存在剂量反应关系的结论，即，更多的锻炼会带来额外的好处。此外，有一些重要的心脏代谢危险因素，最有利的影响相比，中等强度的运动强度高。不幸的是，同样明显的是，在久坐不动的中年男性和女性中，短时间的身体不活动会导致体重显著增加，内脏脂肪大量增加，以及进一步的代谢恶化。最后，通过运动训练对骨骼肌中线粒体氧化能力的有利调节可以减少肌肉中脂肪酸完全氧化的阻断，从而缓解有效胰岛素信号传导的阻断。
The obese are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, some who are obese have no metabolic abnormalities. So, it is not adipose tissue per se, but perhaps where it is located that is important for determining metabolic consequences. Regular exercise is known to reduce risk for metabolic disease through numerous mechanisms. The purpose of this report is to highlight some of the efficacy-based data on the effects of exercise (and also a sedentary lifestyle) on abdominal obesity, visceral fat, and metabolic risk. We also discuss how impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in skeletal muscle may be related to both insulin resistance and a contributor to weight gain. In summary, it is evident that exercise in sufficient amounts can lead to substantial decreases in body weight, total body fat, and visceral fat. Additionally, evidence now supports the conclusion that there is a dose–response relationship between exercise amount and these changes, i.e., more exercise leads to additional benefits. Additionally, there are a number of important cardiometabolic risk factors that were most favorably effected by moderate-intensity compared to vigorous-intensity exercise. Unfortunately, it is also apparent that in sedentary middle-aged men and women, short periods of physical inactivity lead to significant weight gain, substantial increases in visceral fat, and further metabolic deterioration. Finally, favorable modulation of mitochondrial oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle by exercise training may reduce a block for complete oxidation of fatty acids in muscle and thereby relieve a block to effective insulin signaling.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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