Towards an integrated model for breast cancer etiology: the lifelong interplay of genes, lifestyle, and hormones.
Towards an integrated model for breast cancer etiology: the lifelong interplay of genes, lifestyle, and hormones.
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DOI：
10.1186/bcr921
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Willett WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hankinson SE;Colditz GA;Willett WC
虽然许多风险因素，如家族史和生殖模式与乳腺癌的关联多年来已经得到很好的确立，但过去10-15年的工作也大大增加了我们对疾病病因的理解。特别值得注意的贡献包括描绘内源性和外源性雌激素对乳腺癌风险的作用，以及发现和量化与几种基因突变（例如BRCA 1）相关的风险。虽然很难将所有的流行病学数据整合到一个单一的生物模型中，但很明显，存在几个重要的组成部分或途径。早期生活事件可能决定了处于危险中的易感乳腺细胞的数量以及这些细胞中是否发生突变。高内源性雌激素是乳腺癌的一个重要原因，许多已知的危险因素似乎通过这一途径起作用。雌激素（可能还有其他生长因子）似乎在从早期突变到肿瘤转移的过程中，沿着许多点上加速乳腺癌的发展，并且似乎在女性生活中的许多点上都有影响。这些数据现在为一些可以降低乳腺癌风险的策略提供了基础，尽管有些策略代表了复杂的决策。总之，营养和生活方式的风险因素的修改和明智地使用化学预防剂可能会对乳腺癌的发病率产生重大影响。许多领域需要进一步研究，但特别提到了一些具体领域。
While the association of a number of risk factors, such as family history and reproductive patterns, with breast cancer has been well established for many years, work in the past 10–15 years also has added substantially to our understanding of disease etiology. Contributions of particular note include the delineation of the role of endogenous and exogenous estrogens to breast cancer risk, and the discovery and quantification of risk associated with several gene mutations (e.g. BRCA1). Although it is difficult to integrate all epidemiologic data into a single biologic model, it is clear that several important components or pathways exist. Early life events probably determine both the number of susceptible breast cells at risk and whether mutations occur in these cells. High endogenous estrogens are well established as an important cause of breast cancer, and many known risk factors appear to operate through this pathway. Estrogens (and probably other growth factors) appear to accelerate the development of breast cancer at many points along the progression from early mutation to tumor metastasis, and appear to be influential at many points in a woman's life. These data now provide a basis for a number of strategies that can reduce risk of breast cancer, although some strategies represent complex decision-making. Together, the modification of nutritional and lifestyle risk factors and the judicious use of chemopreventive agents could have a major impact on breast cancer incidence. Further research is needed in many areas, but a few specific arenas are given particular mention.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Beral, V;Hamajima, N;Hirose, K;Rohan, T;Calle, EE;Heath, CW;Coates, RJ;Liff, JM;Talamini, R;Chantarakul, N;Koetsawang, S;Rachawat, D;Morabia, A;Schuman, L;Stewart, W;Szklo, M;Bain, C;Schofield, F;Siskind, V;Band, P;Coldman, AJ;Gallagher, RP;Hislop, TG;Yang, P;Kolonel, LM;Nomura, AMY;Hu, J;Johnson, KC;Mao, Y;De Sanjose, S;Lee, N;Marchbanks, P;Ory, HW;Peterson, HB;Wilson, HG;Wingo, PA;Ebeling, K;Kunde, D;Nishan, P;Hopper, JL;Colditz, G;Gajalakshmi, V;Martin, N;Pardthaisong, T;Solpisornkosol, S;Theetranont, C;Boosiri, B;Chutivongse, S;Jimakorn, P;Virutamasen, P;Wongsrichanalai, C;Ewertz, M;Adami, HO;Bergkvist, L;Magnusson, C;Persson, I;Chang-Claude, J;Paul, C;Skegg, DCG;Spears, GFS;Boyle, P;Evstifeeva, T;Daling, JR;Hutchinson, WB;Malone, K;Noonan, EA;Stanford, JL;Thomas, DB;Weiss, NS;White, E;Andrieu, N;Brêmond, A;Clavel, F;Gairard, B;Lansac, J;Piana, L;Renaud, R;Izquierdo, A;Viladiu, P;Cuevas, HR;Ontiveros, P;Palet, A;Salazar, SB;Arsitizabal, N;Cuadros, A;Tryggvadottir, L;Tulinius, H;Bachelot, A;Lê, MG;Peto, J;Franceschi, S;Lubin, F;Modan, B;Ron, E;Wax, Y;Friedman, GD;Hiatt, RA;Levi, F;Bishop, T;Kosmelj, K;Primic-Zakelj, M;Ravnihar, B;Stare, J;Beeson, WL;Fraser, G;Bulbrook, RD;Cuzick, J;Duffy, SW;Fentiman, IS;Hayward, JL;Wang, DY;McMichael, AJ;McPherson, K;Hanson, RL;Leske, MC;Mahoney, MC;Nasca, PC;Varma, AO;Weinstein, AL;Moller, TR;Olsson, H;Ranstam, J;Goldbohm, RA;van den Brandt, PA;Apelo, RA;Baens, J;de la Cruz, JR;Javier, B;Lacaya, LB;Ngelangel, CA;La Vecchia, C;Negri, E;Marubini, E;Ferraroni, M;Gerber, M;Richardson, S;Segala, C;Gatei, D;Kenya, P;Kungu, A;Mati, JG;Brinton, LA;Hoover, R;Schairer, C;Spirtas, R;Lee, HP;Rookus, MA;van Leeuwen, FE;Schoenberg, JA;McCredie, M;Gammon, MD;Clarke, EA;Jones, L;Neil, A;Vessey, M;Yeates, D;Appleby, P;Banks, E;Bull, D;Crossley, B;Goodill, A;Green, J;Hermon, C;Key, T;Langston, N;Lewis, C;Reeves, G;Collins, R;Doll, R;Peto, R;Mabuchi, K;Preston, D;Hannaford, P;Kay, C;Rosero-Bixby, L;Gao, YT;Jin, F;Yuan, JM;Wei, HY;Yun, T;Zhiheng, C;Berry, G;Cooper Booth, J;Jelihovsky, T;MacLennan, R;Shearman, R;Wang, QS;Baines, CJ;Miller, AB;Wall, C;Lund, E;Stalsberg, H;Shu, XO;Zheng, W;Katsouyanni, K;Trichopoulou, A;Trichopoulos, D;Dabancens, A;Martinez, L;Molina, R;Salas, O;Alexander, XE;Anderson, K;Folsom, AR;Hulka, BS;Bernstein, L;Enger, S;Haile, RW;Paganini-Hill, A;Pike, MC;Ross, RK;Ursin, G;Yu, MC;Longnecker, MP;Newcomb, P;Bergkvist, L;Kalache, A;Farley, TMM;Holck, S;Meirik, O
通讯作者：
Meirik, O
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
DEWAARD, F;TRICHOPOULOS, D
通讯作者：
TRICHOPOULOS, D
DOI：
10.1016/0027-5107(95)00128-x
发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Adami, HO;Persson, I;Trichopoulos, D
通讯作者：
Trichopoulos, D
DOI：
10.1093/jnci/87.21.1622
发表时间：
1995-11-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
影响因子：
--
作者：
BYRNE, C;SCHAIRER, C;HAILE, R
通讯作者：
HAILE, R
DOI：
10.1016/s1521-690x(03)00070-8
发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Goss, PE;Strasser-Weippl, K
通讯作者：
Strasser-Weippl, K