The "fast" and the "slow" modes of mitochondrial DNA degradation.

The "fast" and the "slow" modes of mitochondrial DNA degradation.
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DOI:
10.3109/19401736.2014.905829
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Mitochondrial DNA. Part A, DNA mapping, sequencing, and analysis
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alexeyev MF
Alexeyev MF
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shokolenko IN;Wilson GL;Alexeyev MF

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在活细胞中,由外部或内部损伤引起的氧化应激可导致线粒体DNA (mtDNA)损伤和降解。在这里,我们表明,在HeLa细胞中,mtDNA在被破坏到降解点之前可以承受相对高水平的细胞外氧化剂H2O2,并且在去除应激源后,这些细胞中的mtDNA水平迅速恢复。相比之下,小鼠成纤维细胞的mtDNA降解是在低浓度H2O2的8倍下诱导的,并且丢失的mtDNA的恢复过程要慢得多。重要的是,即使在应激源退出后,HeLa细胞中的mtDNA水平也会继续下降,从而标志着mtDNA降解的“缓慢”模式。相反,在小鼠成纤维细胞中,mtDNA的最大损失是在治疗期间实现的,并且在暴露后5分钟就可以检测到,表明“快速”模式。这些差异可能会调节那些由多种细胞类型组成的器官对氧化应激的敏感性。
In a living cell, oxidative stress resulting from an external or internal insult can result in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and degradation. Here, we show that in HeLa cells, mtDNA can withstand relatively high levels of extracellular oxidant H2O2 before it is damaged to a point of degradation, and that mtDNA levels in these cells quickly recover after removal of the stressor. In contrast, mtDNA degradation in mouse fibroblast cells is induced at eight-fold lower concentrations of H2O2, and restoration of the lost mtDNA proceeds much slower. Importantly, mtDNA levels in HeLa cells continue to decline even after withdrawal of the stressor thus marking the “slow” mode of mtDNA degradation. Conversely, in mouse fibroblasts maximal loss of mtDNA is achieved during treatment, and is already detectable at 5 min after exposure, indicating the “fast” mode. These differences may modulate susceptibility to oxidative stress of those organs, which consist of multiple cell types.
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