Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence.
Uncovering the mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii virulence.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro.2017.148
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feldman MF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harding CM;Hennon SW;Feldman MF
鲍曼不动杆菌是一种医院内病原体，可导致危重患者呼吸机相关和血液感染，多药耐药(MDR)不动杆菌菌株的传播令人担忧。鲍曼不动杆菌的成功在很大程度上可以直接归功于它的塑料基因组，这种基因组在面对逆境和压力时会迅速发生突变。然而，除了规范的耐药性之外，最近发现的基本毒力机制使鲍曼不动杆菌以及在有限程度上与医学相关的其他不动杆菌物种能够在医疗环境中成功地茁壮成长。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了促进环境持久性的分子特征，包括干燥抗性、生物膜形成和运动性，并讨论了最近发现的毒力因子，如分泌系统、表面糖偶联物和微量营养素获取系统，这些因素共同使这些病原体能够成功地感染宿主。最近，除了规范的耐药性之外，发现了使鲍曼不动杆菌能够在医疗保健环境中蓬勃发展并导致危重患者感染的毒力机制。Feldman等人。探索促进环境持久性的分子特征和最新发现的使宿主成功感染的毒力因子。
Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen that causes ventilator-associated as well as bloodstream infections in critically ill patients and the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter strains is cause for concern. Much of the success of A. baumannii can be directly attributed to its plastic genome, which rapidly mutates when faced with adversity and stress. However, fundamental virulence mechanisms, beyond canonical drug resistance, were recently uncovered that enable A. baumannii, and to a limited extent other medically relevant Acinetobacter species, to successfully thrive in the healthcare environment. In this Review, we explore the molecular features that promote environmental persistence, including desiccation resistance, biofilm formation and motility, and we discuss the most recently identified virulence factors, such as secretion systems, surface glycoconjugates and micronutrient acquisition systems, that collectively enable these pathogens to successfully infect their hosts. Recently, virulence mechanisms, beyond canonical drug resistance, were uncovered that enable Acinetobacter baumannii to thrive in the healthcare environment and cause infections in critically ill patients. Feldman et al. explore the molecular features that promote environmental persistence and the most recently identified virulence factors that enable successful infection of the hosts.
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