Accent modulates access to word meaning: Evidence for a speaker-model account of spoken word recognition.
Accent modulates access to word meaning: Evidence for a speaker-model account of spoken word recognition.
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口音调节对单词含义的访问：口语单词识别的说话者模型帐户的证据。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cogpsych.2017.08.003
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发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rodd JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai ZG;Gilbert RA;Davis MH;Gaskell MG;Farrar L;Adler S;Rodd JM
语音中带有口音信息，这些信息与确定说话者的语言和社会背景有关。一系列基于网络的实验表明，口音线索可以调节对单词含义的获取。在实验1-3中，在单词联想任务中，如果英国参与者用美国口音而不是英国口音听到单词，他们更有可能检索到美国主导意义（例如，“bonnet”的含义）。此外，快速语义决策任务（实验4）和句子理解任务（实验5）的结果证实，口音调节在线意义检索，当相关词的含义在说话者的方言中占主导地位时，对歧义词的理解更容易。重要的是，由英国口音和美国口音录音变形而成的中性口音语音项目，在被嵌入重音单词的语境中时，被解释的方式与重音单词相似（实验2）。这一发现表明听者不使用重音来引导逐字的意义检索；相反，他们使用口音信息来确定说话人的辩证法身份，然后用他们对这种方言的经验来指导这个人所说的所有单词的意思。这些结果激发了口语单词识别的说话人模型，在这个模型中，理解者确定对话者的关键特征，并利用这些知识来指导词义的获取。
Speech carries accent information relevant to determining the speaker’s linguistic and social background. A series of web-based experiments demonstrate that accent cues can modulate access to word meaning. In Experiments 1–3, British participants were more likely to retrieve the American dominant meaning (e.g., hat meaning of “bonnet”) in a word association task if they heard the words in an American than a British accent. In addition, results from a speeded semantic decision task (Experiment 4) and sentence comprehension task (Experiment 5) confirm that accent modulates on-line meaning retrieval such that comprehension of ambiguous words is easier when the relevant word meaning is dominant in the speaker’s dialect. Critically, neutral-accent speech items, created by morphing British- and American-accented recordings, were interpreted in a similar way to accented words when embedded in a context of accented words (Experiment 2). This finding indicates that listeners do not use accent to guide meaning retrieval on a word-by-word basis; instead they use accent information to determine the dialectic identity of a speaker and then use their experience of that dialect to guide meaning access for all words spoken by that person. These results motivate a speaker-model account of spoken word recognition in which comprehenders determine key characteristics of their interlocutor and use this knowledge to guide word meaning access.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Clarke, CM;Garrett, MF
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
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3.4
作者：
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WILKESGIBBS, D
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