Direct imaging of molten protoplanets in nearby young stellar associations
Direct imaging of molten protoplanets in nearby young stellar associations
复制标题
附近年轻恒星协会中熔融原行星的直接成像
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
S. Quanz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Bonati;T. Lichtenberg;D. Bower;Miles L Timpe;S. Quanz
在岩石行星的形成和早期演化过程中，由于与其他原行星的吸积碰撞，它们经历了多次全球融化事件。对它们碰撞后余辉(岩浆海洋)的探测和表征可以为太阳和太阳系外行星种群的起源和演化提供重要线索。在这里，我们定量地评估观测前景，以探测在与未来直接成像设施相关联的附近年轻恒星中形成的行星被这种碰撞诱导的岩浆海洋覆盖的辐射特征。我们比较了将安装在欧洲南方天文台极大望远镜(ELT)的近红外和中红外仪器的性能估计，以及一项名为系外行星大型干涉仪(LIFE)的潜在空间任务。我们使用不同恒星类型的行星形成的N体模型模拟了能量碰撞的频率和时间，并确定了产生的具有绝缘大气的岩浆海洋的冷却。我们发现，探测到至少一颗岩浆海洋行星的概率取决于观测时间和岩石类原行星之间大气性质的分布。然而，年轻和近距离恒星目标的探测前景显著增加，这些目标显示出巨大撞击的最高频率。对于K波段(2.2μm)ELT滤光片或5.6μm生命滤光片的密集侦察，βPictoris、Columba、TW Hydrae和Tucana-Horologium组合是探测熔融原行星的有希望的候选者。我们的结果推动了利用ELT探索岩浆海洋行星，并强调了天基直接成像设施在调查和描述太阳附近行星形成和演化方面的重要性。对岩浆海洋的直接成像将促进我们对陆地世界早期内部、表面和大气属性的理解。
During their formation and early evolution, rocky planets undergo multiple global melting events due to accretionary collisions with other protoplanets. The detection and characterization of their post-collision afterglows (magma oceans) can yield important clues about the origin and evolution of the solar and extrasolar planet population. Here, we quantitatively assess the observational prospects to detect the radiative signature of forming planets covered by such collision-induced magma oceans in nearby young stellar associations with future direct imaging facilities. We have compared performance estimates for near- and mid-infrared instruments to be installed at ESO’s Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), and a potential space-based mission called Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE). We modelled the frequency and timing of energetic collisions using N-body models of planet formation for different stellar types, and determine the cooling of the resulting magma oceans with an insulating atmosphere. We find that the probability of detecting at least one magma ocean planet depends on the observing duration and the distribution of atmospheric properties among rocky protoplanets. However, the prospects for detection significantly increase for young and close stellar targets, which show the highest frequencies of giant impacts. For intensive reconnaissance with a K band (2.2 μm) ELT filter or a 5.6 μm LIFE filter, the β Pictoris, Columba, TW Hydrae, and Tucana-Horologium associations represent promising candidates for detecting a molten protoplanet. Our results motivate the exploration of magma ocean planets using the ELT and underline the importance of space-based direct imaging facilities to investigate and characterize planet formation and evolution in the solar vicinity. Direct imaging of magma oceans will advance our understanding of the early interior, surface and atmospheric properties of terrestrial worlds.
连接 55 Cancri e 的气候和热相位曲线
DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/aa9328
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hammond M
通讯作者：
Hammond M
DOI：
10.1088/0004-637x/751/1/32
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Stewart S
通讯作者：
Stewart S
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Leinhardt, Zoe M.;Stewart, Sarah T.
通讯作者：
Stewart, Sarah T.