γ-Glutamyl transferase 7 is a novel regulator of glioblastoma growth.

γ-Glutamyl transferase 7 is a novel regulator of glioblastoma growth.
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γ-谷氨酰转移酶7是胶质母细胞瘤生长的新型调节剂。

DOI:
10.1186/s12885-015-1232-y
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发表时间:
2015-04-07
期刊:
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
Li G
Li G
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bui TT;Nitta RT;Kahn SA;Razavi SM;Agarwal M;Aujla P;Gholamin S;Recht L;Li G

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胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是成人中最恶性的原发性脑肿瘤,中位生存时间为一年半。包括放疗、化疗和手术在内的传统治疗方法无法治愈,因此迫切需要找到更有效的治疗方法来治疗这种致命疾病。 γ-谷氨酰转移酶 (GGT) 是一个酶家族,可控制重要的氧化还原敏感功能并调节增殖与凋亡之间的平衡。 GGT7 是一种新的 GGT 家族成员,在大脑中高表达,之前显示在神经胶质瘤中表达降低。由于 GGT 家族的其他成员被发现在多种癌症中发生改变,我们假设 GGT7 可以调节 GBM 的生长和形成。为了确定 GGT7 是否参与 GBM 肿瘤发生,我们调节了两种 GBM 细胞系(U87-MG 和 U138)中的 GGT7 表达,并监测体外和体内致瘤性的变化。我们首次证明,GGT7 低表达的 GBM 患者预后较差,87%(7/8)的原发性 GBM 组织样本显示 GGT7 表达比正常脑样本降低 2 倍。 GGT7 的外源表达导致在最低生长条件(1% 血清)下增殖和不依赖贴壁的生长减少 2 至 3 倍。使用短干扰 RNA 或短发夹 RNA 降低 GGT7 表达,增殖持续增加 1.5 至 2 倍。此外,颅内注射 GGT7 表达降低的 U87-MG 细胞可使小鼠肿瘤生长增加约 2 倍,并降低小鼠存活率。为了阐明 GGT7 调节 GBM 生长的机制,我们分析了 GGT7 表达受调节的 GBM 细胞中的活性氧 (ROS) 水平。我们发现增强的 GGT7 表达可降低 ROS 水平 11-33%。我们的研究表明,GGT7 是 GBM 生长的新参与者,并且 GGT7 可通过调节抗氧化损伤在肿瘤发生中发挥关键作用。 GGT7 的缺失可能会增加细胞 ROS 水平,从而诱导 GBM 的发生和生长。我们的研究结果表明,GGT7 可以成为 GBM 的一个有前途的生物标志物和潜在的治疗靶点。本文的在线版本 (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1232-y) 包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults, with a median survival time of one and a half years. Traditional treatments, including radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery, are not curative, making it imperative to find more effective treatments for this lethal disease. γ-Glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a family of enzymes that was shown to control crucial redox-sensitive functions and to regulate the balance between proliferation and apoptosis. GGT7 is a novel GGT family member that is highly expressed in brain and was previously shown to have decreased expression in gliomas. Since other members of the GGT family were found to be altered in a variety of cancers, we hypothesized that GGT7 could regulate GBM growth and formation. To determine if GGT7 is involved in GBM tumorigenesis, we modulated GGT7 expression in two GBM cell lines (U87-MG and U138) and monitored changes in tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated for the first time that GBM patients with low GGT7 expression had a worse prognosis and that 87% (7/8) of primary GBM tissue samples showed a 2-fold decrease in GGT7 expression compared to normal brain samples. Exogenous expression of GGT7 resulted in a 2- to 3-fold reduction in proliferation and anchorage-independent growth under minimal growth conditions (1% serum). Decreasing GGT7 expression using either short interfering RNA or short hairpin RNA consistently increased proliferation 1.5- to 2-fold. In addition, intracranial injections of U87-MG cells with reduced GGT7 expression increased tumor growth in mice approximately 2-fold, and decreased mouse survival. To elucidate the mechanism by which GGT7 regulates GBM growth, we analyzed reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in GBM cells with modulated GGT7 expression. We found that enhanced GGT7 expression reduced ROS levels by 11-33%. Our study demonstrates that GGT7 is a novel player in GBM growth and that GGT7 can play a critical role in tumorigenesis by regulating anti-oxidative damage. Loss of GGT7 may increase the cellular ROS levels, inducing GBM occurrence and growth. Our findings suggest that GGT7 can be a promising biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for GBM. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1232-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.414
发表时间: 2011-01-13
期刊: Oncogene
影响因子: 8
作者:
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影响因子: 158.5
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DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-3061
发表时间: 2007-12-01
期刊: CANCER RESEARCH
影响因子: 11.2
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DOI: 10.1016/0306-9877(92)90120-2
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期刊: MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
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发表时间: 2001-01-01
期刊: ACTA ONCOLOGICA
影响因子: 3.1
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