Patterns of DNA methylation in development, division of labor and hybridization in an ant with genetic caste determination.
Patterns of DNA methylation in development, division of labor and hybridization in an ant with genetic caste determination.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0042433
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gadau J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith CR;Mutti NS;Jasper WC;Naidu A;Smith CD;Gadau J
DNA甲基化是基因表达的常见调节因子，包括作为成人发育事件和行为变化的调节因子。使用Pogonomyrmex candulatus中独特的遗传种姓确定系统，我们能够记录DNA甲基化在发育过程中的变化，以及古代和当代的杂交事件。亚硫酸氢钠测序证实了在P. acetatus中对称CG二核苷酸的体内甲基化。我们还发现了非CpG序列的甲基化。这验证了两种预测基因甲基化的生物信息学方法，观察到的CpG二核苷酸与预期的比率和CpG/TpG单核苷酸多态性（SNP）密度的偏差。基因组DNA甲基化的频率测定不同发育阶段和种姓使用ms-AFLP分析。遗传等级决定系统（GCD）可能是P. rugosus和P. lagatus之间祖先杂交事件的产物。两个血统的强制性共同发生在一个GCD人口，皇后是来自内部血统交配，而工人是从血统间交配。相对DNA甲基化水平的皇后和工人从GCD血统（当代杂交种）没有显着差异，直到成年。与工蚁相比，处女蚁后的DNA甲基化水平明显更高。工人的DNA甲基化没有不同的发展阶段在每个血统，但目前杂交血统之间有显着差异。最后，工人的两个遗传种姓决定谱系有一半的甲基化胞嘧啶的工人从假定的亲本物种，其中有环境种姓决定。这些结果表明，DNA甲基化可能是一种保守的调节机制，调节蜜蜂和蚂蚁的劳动分工。目前和历史上的杂交似乎已经改变了基因组甲基化水平，这表明整体DNA甲基化的变化与P. pastatus中遗传种姓决定的起源和调节之间可能存在联系。
DNA methylation is a common regulator of gene expression, including acting as a regulator of developmental events and behavioral changes in adults. Using the unique system of genetic caste determination in Pogonomyrmex barbatus, we were able to document changes in DNA methylation during development, and also across both ancient and contemporary hybridization events. Sodium bisulfite sequencing demonstrated in vivo methylation of symmetric CG dinucleotides in P. barbatus. We also found methylation of non-CpG sequences. This validated two bioinformatics methods for predicting gene methylation, the bias in observed to expected ratio of CpG dinucleotides and the density of CpG/TpG single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Frequencies of genomic DNA methylation were determined for different developmental stages and castes using ms-AFLP assays. The genetic caste determination system (GCD) is probably the product of an ancestral hybridization event between P. barbatus and P. rugosus. Two lineages obligately co-occur within a GCD population, and queens are derived from intra-lineage matings whereas workers are produced from inter-lineage matings. Relative DNA methylation levels of queens and workers from GCD lineages (contemporary hybrids) were not significantly different until adulthood. Virgin queens had significantly higher relative levels of DNA methylation compared to workers. Worker DNA methylation did not vary among developmental stages within each lineage, but was significantly different between the currently hybridizing lineages. Finally, workers of the two genetic caste determination lineages had half as many methylated cytosines as workers from the putative parental species, which have environmental caste determination. These results suggest that DNA methylation may be a conserved regulatory mechanism moderating division of labor in both bees and ants. Current and historic hybridization appear to have altered genomic methylation levels suggesting a possible link between changes in overall DNA methylation and the origin and regulation of genetic caste determination in P. barbatus.
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影响因子：
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