Antimicrobial Activities and Mechanisms of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles (nMgO) against Pathogenic Bacteria, Yeasts, and Biofilms.
Antimicrobial Activities and Mechanisms of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles (nMgO) against Pathogenic Bacteria, Yeasts, and Biofilms.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-34567-5
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发表时间：
2018-11-02
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Liu H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen NT;Grelling N;Wetteland CL;Rosario R;Liu H
氧化镁纳米颗粒（nMgO）是一种轻金属抗菌纳米颗粒，可在体内代谢和完全吸收。为了将nMgO的抗菌特性用于医疗用途，有必要确定nMgO对常见感染性细菌和酵母的最小抑制、杀菌和杀真菌浓度（MIC、MBC和MFC）。本研究的目的是利用一致的方法和条件，揭示并直接比较nMgO对9种常见致病微生物的疗效，包括2种革兰氏阴性菌、3种革兰氏阳性菌耐药菌株和4种酵母耐药菌株。nMgO对不同病原菌和酵母菌的最小致死浓度（MIC）为0.5 mg/mL ~ 1.2 mg/mL， 90%杀伤时的最小致死浓度（MLC）为0.7 mg/mL ~ 1.4 mg/mL。nMgO的最有效浓度（MPC）为1.4和/或1.6 mg/mL，具体取决于所测试的细菌和酵母的类型。随着nMgO浓度的增加，细菌和酵母的粘附力降低。在1.6 mg/mL的nMgO浓度下，表皮葡萄球菌生物膜被破坏。nMgO浓度≥0.5 mg/mL时，大肠杆菌和部分酵母出现膜损伤。总的来说，nMgO既能杀死浮游细菌，又能破坏新生生物膜，这表明nMgO具有新的抗菌机制。活性氧（ROS）的产生、Ca2+离子浓度和群体感应可能有助于nMgO对浮游细菌的作用机制，但瞬时碱性pH为7至10或Mg2+离子浓度从1至50 mM增加对表皮葡萄球菌等细菌没有抑制或杀死作用。需要进一步的研究来确定MIC、MLC或MPC水平的特定浓度的nMgO是否可以整合到医疗设备中，以在不损害宿主细胞的情况下引起所需的抗菌反应。
Magnesium oxide nanoparticle (nMgO) is a light metal based antimicrobial nanoparticle that can be metabolized and fully resorbed in the body. To take advantage of the antimicrobial properties of nMgO for medical use, it is necessary to determine the minimal inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (MIC, MBC and MFC) of nMgO against prevalent infectious bacteria and yeasts. The objective of this study was to use consistent methods and conditions to reveal and directly compare the efficacy of nMgO against nine prevalent pathogenic microorganisms, including two gram-negative bacteria, three gram-positive bacteria with drug-resistant strains, and four yeasts with drug-resistant strains. The MIC of nMgO varied from 0.5 mg/mL to 1.2 mg/mL and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of nMgO at 90% killing varied from 0.7 mg/mL to 1.4 mg/mL against different pathogenic bacteria and yeasts. The most potent concentrations (MPC) of nMgO were 1.4 and/or 1.6 mg/mL, depending on the type of bacteria and yeasts tested. As the concentration of nMgO increased, the adhesion of bacteria and yeasts decreased. Moreover, S. epidermidis biofilm was disrupted at 1.6 mg/mL of nMgO. E. coli and some yeasts showed membrane damage after cultured with ≥0.5 mg/mL nMgO. Overall, nMgO killed both planktonic bacteria and disrupted nascent biofilms, suggesting new antimicrobial mechanisms of nMgO. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ ion concentrations, and quorum sensing likely contribute to the action mechanisms of nMgO against planktonic bacteria, but transient alkaline pH of 7 to 10 or increased Mg2+ ion concentrations from 1 to 50 mM showed no inhibitory or killing effects on bacteria such as S. epidermidis. Further studies are needed to determine if specific concentrations of nMgO at MIC, MLC or MPC level can be integrated into medical devices to evoke desired antimicrobial responses without harming host cells.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Healey KR;Zhao Y;Perez WB;Lockhart SR;Sobel JD;Farmakiotis D;Kontoyiannis DP;Sanglard D;Taj-Aldeen SJ;Alexander BD;Jimenez-Ortigosa C;Shor E;Perlin DS
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作者：
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