The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi-laboratory study.
The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi-laboratory study.
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DOI：
10.1111/infa.12360
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Singh L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byers-Heinlein K;Tsui RK;van Renswoude D;Black AK;Barr R;Brown A;Colomer M;Durrant S;Gampe A;Gonzalez-Gomez N;Hay JF;Hernik M;Jartó M;Kovács ÁM;Laoun-Rubenstein A;Lew-Williams C;Liszkowski U;Liu L;Noble C;Potter CE;Rocha-Hidalgo J;Sebastian-Galles N;Soderstrom M;Visser I;Waddell C;Wermelinger S;Singh L
确定单词的意思需要语言学习者注意别人说的话。然而，一个年轻的语言学习者应该同时注意其他人注意的事情，例如，跟随他们眼睛注视的方向。对于双语婴儿来说，对眼神等线索的敏感性可能特别重要，因为他们遇到的单词和物体之间的一致性比单语婴儿要少，并且并不总是能够获得相同的单词学习启发式（例如，互斥性）。在一项预先注册的研究中，我们测试了这样一个假设，即双语经历会导致更明显的跟随他人目光的能力。我们使用由作者开发的注视跟随范式，在8个国家的11个实验室对93名6-9个月大的单语和双语婴儿和229名12-15个月大的单语和双语婴儿进行了测试。单语和双语婴儿表现出相似的注视跟随能力，两组婴儿在注视一致物体的速度、准确性、频率和持续时间上都表现出与年龄相关的改善。出乎意料的是，双语者倾向于更频繁地注视屏幕上的物体，无论他们是否受到演员的暗示。这些结果表明，注视敏感性是发育的一个基本方面，对语言暴露的变化具有很强的影响。
Determining the meanings of words requires language learners to attend to what other people say. However, it behooves a young language learner to simultaneously attend to what other people attend to, for example, by following the direction of their eye gaze. Sensitivity to cues such as eye gaze might be particularly important for bilingual infants, as they encounter less consistency between words and objects than monolinguals, and do not always have access to the same word learning heuristics (e.g., mutual exclusivity). In a pre-registered study, we tested the hypothesis that bilingual experience would lead to a more pronounced ability to follow another’s gaze. We used the gaze-following paradigm developed by to test a total of 93 6–9 month-old and 229 12–15 month-old monolingual and bilingual infants, in 11 labs located in 8 countries. Monolingual and bilingual infants showed similar gaze-following abilities, and both groups showed age-related improvements in speed, accuracy, frequency and duration of fixations to congruent objects. Unexpectedly, bilinguals tended to make more frequent fixations to onscreen objects, whether or not they were cued by the actor. These results suggest that gaze sensitivity is a fundamental aspect of development that is robust to variation in language exposure.
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发表时间：
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