Antiviral Compounds for Blocking Arboviral Transmission in Mosquitoes.
Antiviral Compounds for Blocking Arboviral Transmission in Mosquitoes.
复制标题
用于阻断蚊子中虫媒病毒传播的抗病毒化合物。
DOI：
10.3390/v13010108
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发表时间：
2021-01-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dimopoulos G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dong S;Dimopoulos G
蚊媒节肢动物传播的病毒（虫媒病毒），如登革热病毒（DENV）、寨卡病毒（ZIKV）和基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）是造成全球重大发病率和死亡率的重要人类病原体。蚊媒病毒性疾病（MBVDs）最近的出现和再次出现，突出表明迫切需要安全有效的疫苗、治疗方法和媒介控制方法来预防MBVD的暴发。在自然界中，虫媒病毒在脊椎动物宿主和节肢动物媒介之间传播；因此，破坏蚊子体内的病毒生命周期是防治mbvd的主要方法。他们提出了几种使蚊子对虫媒病毒感染难以抵抗的策略，例如，那些涉及产生转基因蚊子或感染共生细菌沃尔巴克氏体的策略。近年来，随着高通量筛选方法的发展，越来越多对哺乳动物细胞中蚊媒虫媒病毒具有抑制作用的药物被发现。这些抗病毒药物是阻止虫媒病毒在节肢动物和人类之间传播的有用资源，它们要么使病毒在人类中更脆弱，要么通过减少蚊子中宿主因子的表达来抑制病毒感染。本文综述了小分子抗病毒药物在哺乳动物和蚊子细胞中的最新进展，并讨论了如何利用这些抗病毒药物阻断mbvd的传播。
Mosquito-borne arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as the dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are important human pathogens that are responsible for significant global morbidity and mortality. The recent emergence and re-emergence of mosquito-borne viral diseases (MBVDs) highlight the urgent need for safe and effective vaccines, therapeutics, and vector-control approaches to prevent MBVD outbreaks. In nature, arboviruses circulate between vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors; therefore, disrupting the virus lifecycle in mosquitoes is a major approach for combating MBVDs. Several strategies were proposed to render mosquitoes that are refractory to arboviral infection, for example, those involving the generation of genetically modified mosquitoes or infection with the symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia. Due to the recent development of high-throughput screening methods, an increasing number of drugs with inhibitory effects on mosquito-borne arboviruses in mammalian cells were identified. These antivirals are useful resources that can impede the circulation of arboviruses between arthropods and humans by either rendering viruses more vulnerable in humans or suppressing viral infection by reducing the expression of host factors in mosquitoes. In this review, we summarize recent advances in small-molecule antiarboviral drugs in mammalian and mosquito cells, and discuss how to use these antivirals to block the transmission of MBVDs.
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