Multi-domain terpenoid cyclase architecture and prospects for proximity in bifunctional catalysis.

Multi-domain terpenoid cyclase architecture and prospects for proximity in bifunctional catalysis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2016.05.010
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发表时间:
2016-12
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Christianson, David W.
Christianson, David W.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Mengbin;Harris, Golda G.;Pemberton, Travis A.;Christianson, David W.

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萜类化合物环化酶的晶体结构揭示了命名为α、β和γ的三个基本结构域的组装。虽然环状单萜(C10)和倍半萜(C15)的生物合成最常涉及具有α或αβ结构域架构的酶,但环状二萜(C20)、二倍半萜(C25)和三萜(C30)的生物合成可涉及具有α、αα、βγ或αβγ结构域架构的酶。事实上,萜类化合物生物合成的一些酶是双功能的,具有催化连续反应的不同活性位点。有趣的是,其中一些酶会寡聚形成二聚体、四聚体和六聚体。这样的组件不仅可以通过变构实现酶调节,而且它们还可以通过邻近通道或簇通道提供类萜产物通量的适度增强。通过三级和/或四级结构混合和匹配功能性类萜环化酶结构域还可以包括用于容易的产物多样化的进化策略。
Crystal structures of terpenoid cyclases reveal assemblies of three basic domains designated α, β, and γ. While the biosynthesis of cyclic monoterpenes (C10) and sesquiterpenes (C15) most often involves enzymes with α or αβ domain architecture, the biosynthesis of cyclic diterpenes (C20), sesterterpenes (C25), and triterpenes (C30) can involve enzymes with α, αα, βγ, or αβγ domain architecture. Indeed, some enzymes of terpenoid biosynthesis are bifunctional, with distinct active sites that catalyze sequential reactions. Interestingly, some of these enzymes oligomerize to form dimers, tetramers, and hexamers. Not only can such assemblies enable enzyme regulation by allostery, but they can also provide a modest enhancement of terpenoid product flux through proximity channeling or cluster channeling. The mixing and matching of functional terpenoid cyclase domains through tertiary and/or quaternary structure may also comprise an evolutionary strategy for facile product diversification.
从进化角度看蛋白质兼职。
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