Adults' awareness of faces follows newborns' looking preferences.
Adults' awareness of faces follows newborns' looking preferences.
复制标题
成年人对面孔的意识遵循新生儿的偏好。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0029361
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sterzer P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stein T;Peelen MV;Sterzer P
从生命的第一天起，人类就倾向于直立的面孔，这可能反映了先天的皮层下机制。在这里，我们表明，双目竞争可以揭示面部检测机制的成人，是惊人的相似，先天的面部检测机制。我们使用连续闪光抑制（CFS），双眼竞争的一种变体，使刺激不可见的开始时，每个试验和测量的时间直立和倒置的刺激需要克服这种眼间抑制。至关重要的是，之前研究表明，特定的刺激特性可以调节新生儿的外观偏好，类似地调节成年人对CFS期间呈现的面孔的意识。首先，直立脸在克服CFS方面的优势受到对比极性和照明方向的强烈调制。第二，由三个黑暗的斑点组成的示意性图案被抑制较短的持续时间时，这些斑点的安排尊重的脸样配置的眼睛和嘴，这种效果调制的对比极性。在不涉及CFS的双眼对照实验中没有获得这样的效果，这表明面部敏感机制在有意识的意识之外发挥着至关重要的作用。这些研究结果表明，在成年人的面孔视觉意识是由感知机制，是敏感的类似的刺激特性的调制新生儿的面孔偏好。
From the first days of life, humans preferentially orient towards upright faces, likely reflecting innate subcortical mechanisms. Here, we show that binocular rivalry can reveal face detection mechanisms in adults that are surprisingly similar to inborn face detection mechanism. We used continuous flash suppression (CFS), a variant of binocular rivalry, to render stimuli invisible at the beginning of each trial and measured the time upright and inverted stimuli needed to overcome such interocular suppression. Critically, specific stimulus properties previously shown to modulate looking preferences in neonates similarly modulated adults' awareness of faces presented during CFS. First, the advantage of upright faces in overcoming CFS was strongly modulated by contrast polarity and direction of illumination. Second, schematic patterns consisting of three dark blobs were suppressed for shorter durations when the arrangement of these blobs respected the face-like configuration of the eyes and the mouth, and this effect was modulated by contrast polarity. No such effects were obtained in a binocular control experiment not involving CFS, suggesting a crucial role for face-sensitive mechanisms operating outside of conscious awareness. These findings indicate that visual awareness of faces in adults is governed by perceptual mechanisms that are sensitive to similar stimulus properties as those modulating newborns' face preferences.
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03210542
发表时间：
1969-01-01
期刊：
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
FOX, R;RASCHE, F
通讯作者：
RASCHE, F
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Moradi, F;Koch, C;Shimojo, S
通讯作者：
Shimojo, S
影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Jiang, Yi;Costello, Patricia;He, Sheng
通讯作者：
He, Sheng
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0502205102
发表时间：
2005-11-22
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Farroni, T;Johnson, MH;Csibra, G
通讯作者：
Csibra, G
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Jiang, Yi;He, Sheng
通讯作者：
He, Sheng