Jatropha cultivation in Malawi and Mozambique: impact on ecosystem services, local human well-being, and poverty alleviation

Jatropha cultivation in Malawi and Mozambique: impact on ecosystem services, local human well-being, and poverty alleviation
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马拉维和莫桑比克的麻风树种植:对生态系统服务、当地人类福祉和扶贫的影响

DOI:
10.5751/es-08554-210303
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
K. Willis
K. Willis
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
G. Maltitz;A. Gasparatos;C. Fabricius;Abbie Morris;K. Willis

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以麻风树为基础的生物燃料在南部非洲经历了快速的繁荣与萧条周期。尽管最初得到了政府、捐助者和私营部门的大力支持,但仍缺乏比较麻风树两种主要生产模式(大型种植园和小农项目)对环境和社会经济影响的实证研究。我们采用快速生态系统服务评估方法来了解两个麻风树项目的影响:一个小农项目(马拉维 BERL)和一个大型种植园(莫桑比克 Niqel),尽管整个南部非洲的项目普遍崩溃,但这些项目仍在运营。我们的研究重点是提供生态系统服务的变化,例如生物燃料原料、食品和林地产品,这些变化可能对当地人类福祉产生重要影响。为其他调节和文化生态系统服务提供定性信息。尽管现阶段没有产生巨大的正面或负面影响,但这两个项目都显示出一些可行性迹象和当地扶贫潜力。然而,由于低收益率、不确定的市场和一些流行的管理实践,它们的长期可持续性无法得到保证。
Jatropha-based biofuels have undergone a rapid boom-and-bust cycle in southern Africa. Despite strong initial support by governments, donors, and the private sector, there is a lack of empirical studies that compare the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of Jatropha's two dominant modes of production: large plantations and smallholder-based projects. We apply a rapid ecosystem services assessment approach to understand the impact of two Jatropha projects that are still operational despite widespread project collapse across southern Africa: a smallholder-based project (BERL, Malawi) and a large plantation (Niqel, Mozambique). Our study focuses on changes in provisioning ecosystem services such as biofuel feedstock, food, and woodland products that can have important effects on human well-being locally. Qualitative information is provided for other regulating and cultural ecosystem services. Although at this stage no impact is tremendously positive or negative, both projects show some signs of viability and local poverty alleviation potential. However, their long-term sustainability is not guaranteed given low yields, uncertain markets, and some prevailing management practices.
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