A comprehensive model for the recognition of human telomeres by TRF1.

A comprehensive model for the recognition of human telomeres by TRF1.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2013.05.005
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发表时间:
2013-08-23
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Laughton, Charles
Laughton, Charles
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garton, Michael;Laughton, Charles

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真核细胞的染色体被端粒所覆盖,端粒是核蛋白复合体,可以防止染色体端到端的融合并控制细胞衰老。该复合体中的两种蛋白质,端粒重复序列结合因子(TRF1和TRF2),专门识别双链TTAGGG串联重复序列。TRF1是一种同源二聚体,具有控制DNA结构和负向调节端粒长度的作用。我们用分子动力学探索了这个蛋白质-DNA复合体的构象空间,并首次产生了一个完整的TRF1-DNA识别模型,这是仅凭结晶学和核磁共振数据是不可能的。该结果通过确认许多发现,同时确定重要的新的相互作用和行为,协调了以前关于识别过程的序列选择性的相互冲突的实验模型。这种改进的表征也揭示了广泛的间接读数,这表明识别将受到DNA螺旋参数变化的影响,如弯曲。TRF1-DNA上的X射线和核磁共振数据无法完全解释序列依赖的识别。分子动力学模拟揭示了一系列更丰富的动态相互作用。解释了DNA序列变化对结合亲和力的影响。
Eukaryotic chromosomes are capped by telomeres, nucleoprotein complexes that prevent chromosome end-to-end fusions and control cell ageing. Two proteins in this complex, telomere repeat binding factors (TRF1 and TRF2), specifically recognise the double-stranded TTAGGG tandem repeat sequence. TRF1 is a homodimer with roles governing DNA architecture and negatively regulating telomere length. We explore the conformational space of this protein–DNA complex using molecular dynamics and, for the first time, generate a complete model of TRF1–DNA recognition that has not been possible on the basis of crystallographic and NMR data alone. The results reconcile previous conflicting experimental models for the sequence selectivity of the recognition process, by confirming many of the findings while identifying important new interactions and behaviour. This improved characterisation also reveals extensive indirect readout, which suggests that recognition will be affected by changes to DNA helical parameters such as bending. X-ray and NMR data on TRF1–DNA fail to fully explain sequence-dependent recognition. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal a much richer array of dynamic interactions. The effects of changes in the DNA sequence on binding affinity are explained.
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