Improvements in the stratospheric transport achieved by a chemistry transport model with ECMWF (re)analyses: identifying effects and remaining challenges
Improvements in the stratospheric transport achieved by a chemistry transport model with ECMWF (re)analyses: identifying effects and remaining challenges
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通过 ECMWF（重新）分析的化学输运模型实现平流层输运的改进：确定影响和剩余挑战
DOI：
10.1002/qj.1996
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Monge-Sanz B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monge-Sanz B
利用欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）的平流层化学传输模式（CTM）模拟了平流层Brewer-Dobson环流和混合过程。ERA-40和ERA-Interim之间的比较表明，最近的ECMWF再分析大大改善了ERA-40过去发现的问题。使用ERA-Interim进行的CTM模拟提供了改进的空气年龄分布，与平流层下部的观测结果非常一致。在一个多年模型运行（1990-2009年），我们发现一个小的，但统计上显着的增长趋势，在北方半球中纬度以上24公里。这与现有文献中的大多数模型结果相反，但与最近基于SF6和CO2观测的研究一致。拉格朗日计算还表明，新的ECMWF数据集中垂直和水平混合的约束得到了非常显着的改善。探讨了新再分析取得改进的原因，揭示了同化技术和分析频率在成功描述平流层传输中所发挥的作用。修正技术的实施，如使用预测被证明有一个较小的影响CTM模拟与ERA-中期比在ERA-40。还对比了使用来自ECMWF数据同化系统（DAS）或来自底层大气环流模式（GCM）的风的效果。为此，CTM使用了一套来自自由运行模型版本的ECMWF GCM风，该模型版本相当于用于产生ERA-40的系统。GCM风每12小时存档一次，这也允许评估CTM分析读取频率对平流层传输的影响。过去归因于数据同化的一些问题，例如平流层下部垂直混合的过度，在这里也被证明是由CTM模拟中过低的读入频率引起的。皇家气象学会
Stratospheric simulations from a chemistry transport model (CTM) are used to evaluate the stratospheric Brewer–Dobson circulation and mixing processes in different datasets produced by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). A comparison between ERA‐40 and ERA‐Interim shows that the recent ECMWF reanalysis greatly improves on past problems detected for ERA‐40. CTM simulations with ERA‐Interim provide improved age‐of‐air distributions, in very good agreement with observations in the lower stratosphere. In a multiannual model run (1990–2009), we find a small but statistically significant increasing trend in age over Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes above 24 km. This is in contrast with most model results in existing literature, but in agreement with recent studies based on SF6and CO2observations. Lagrangian calculations also show that the constraint of vertical and horizontal mixing has been very significantly improved in the new ECMWF dataset. Causes of the improvements achieved by the new reanalysis are explored, revealing the roles that the assimilation technique and the analysis frequency play in the successful description of stratospheric transport. The implementation of correction techniques such as the use of forecasts is shown to have a smaller effect in CTM simulations with ERA‐Interim than in those with ERA‐40. The effect of using winds from the ECMWF data assimilation system (DAS) or from the underlying general circulation model (GCM) is also contrasted. For this, the CTM uses a set of ECMWF GCM winds from a free‐running model version equivalent to the system employed to produce ERA‐40. The GCM winds were archived every 12 h, which also allows an evaluation of the CTM analysis read‐in frequency effects on stratospheric transport. Some of the problems attributed in the past to data assimilation, such as the excess of vertical mixing in the lower stratosphere, are here shown to be caused also by too low read‐in frequencies in the CTM simulations. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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发表时间：
2006
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
E. Meijer;B. Bregman;A. Segers;P. van Velthoven
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
G. Stiller;T. Clarmann;F. Haenel;B. Funke;N. Glatthor;U. Grabowski;S. Kellmann;M. Kiefer;A. Linden
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G. Stiller;T. Clarmann;F. Haenel;B. Funke;N. Glatthor;U. Grabowski;S. Kellmann;M. Kiefer;A. Linden