From Senegal to Augsburg: Gum Arabic and the Central European Textile Industry in the Eighteenth Century

From Senegal to Augsburg: Gum Arabic and the Central European Textile Industry in the Eighteenth Century
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从塞内加尔到奥格斯堡:阿拉伯胶和十八世纪的中欧纺织工业

DOI:
10.1080/00404969.2019.1582580
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
1
通讯作者:
Jutta Wimmler
Jutta Wimmler
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jutta Wimmler

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西非在早期现代经济中的角色通常被简化为为美国种植园提供强迫劳动力的供应商,而其他类型的贸易——尤其是西非和欧洲之间的直接贸易——在学术界往往被边缘化。本文认为,西非物质阿拉伯胶在欧洲印花棉和亚麻布的大规模生产中发挥了至关重要的作用-这是当时流行消费的主要领域之一。其独特的品质和大量供应的事实使得来自塞内加尔和毛里塔尼亚的阿拉伯胶在以合理的价格生产大量高质量印刷品方面不可或缺。这篇文章通过着眼于中欧而不是西欧来推进这一论点,以说明这种物质在18世纪是多么普遍。即使是远离大西洋的地区——比如位于今天巴伐利亚州的德国南部城市奥格斯堡——也需要找到一种途径来获得这种塞内冈比亚产品,以生产他们流行的纺织品。因此,本文力求通过跟踪从西非到中欧- -从塞内加尔到奥格斯堡的具体材料,更好地了解非洲在欧洲纺织工业发展中的作用及其对消费模式的贡献。
West Africa’s role in the early modern economy is usually reduced to that of a supplier of forced labour for American plantations while other types of trade — especially direct trade between Western Africa and Europe — are often marginalised in scholarship. This article argues that the West African substance gum arabic played a vital role in the large-scale production of printed cottons and linens in Europe — one of the major areas of popular consumption at the time. Its unique qualities and the fact that it was available in large quantities made gum arabic from Senegal and Mauritania indispensable in producing high-quality prints in large numbers for a reasonable price. The article advances this argument by looking at Central instead of Western Europe, in order to illustrate how pervasive this substance was in the eighteenth century. Even regions far removed from the Atlantic — such as the South German city of Augsburg, in today’s Bavaria — needed to find a way to access this Senegambian product in order to produce their popular textiles. The article thus seeks to contribute to a better understanding of Africa’s role in the development of European textile industries and its contribution to consumption patterns by following a specific material from Western Africa to Central Europe — from Senegal to Augsburg.
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