Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment.
Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment.
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DOI：
10.3390/microorganisms9112366
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发表时间：
2021-11-16
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Satta G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shield CG;Swift BMC;McHugh TD;Dedrick RM;Hatfull GF;Satta G
结核分枝杆菌和其他非结核分枝杆菌是影响全世界数百万患者的各种不同感染的罪魁祸首。他们的诊断往往是有问题的，直到疾病的晚期才被诊断出来，需要高度的怀疑和临床和实验室同事的共同努力。分子方法，如聚合酶链反应平台，是可用的，但价格昂贵，并且在少杆菌病的情况下灵敏度有限。分枝杆菌感染的治疗也具有挑战性，通常需要数月的多种和联合抗生素治疗，并伴有相关的副作用和毒性。先天和获得性耐药的存在使情况进一步复杂化，许多病例没有有效的治疗方案。噬菌体（感染细菌的病毒）在东欧用于治疗常见细菌感染已有几十年的历史，但在分枝杆菌感染中使用噬菌体的临床经验有限。最近，人们重新审视了噬菌体的临床效用，并成功地证明了它们作为诊断和治疗选择的用途。这篇综述将特别关注分枝杆菌噬菌体作为潜在的新兴技术，以及作为一种替代治疗选择，最近在不同分枝杆菌感染的诊断和治疗中是如何使用的。
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria are responsible for a variety of different infections affecting millions of patients worldwide. Their diagnosis is often problematic and delayed until late in the course of disease, requiring a high index of suspicion and the combined efforts of clinical and laboratory colleagues. Molecular methods, such as PCR platforms, are available, but expensive, and with limited sensitivity in the case of paucibacillary disease. Treatment of mycobacterial infections is also challenging, typically requiring months of multiple and combined antibiotics, with associated side effects and toxicities. The presence of innate and acquired drug resistance further complicates the picture, with dramatic cases without effective treatment options. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) have been used for decades in Eastern Europe for the treatment of common bacterial infections, but there is limited clinical experience of their use in mycobacterial infections. More recently, bacteriophages’ clinical utility has been re-visited and their use has been successfully demonstrated both as diagnostic and treatment options. This review will focus specifically on how mycobacteriophages have been used recently in the diagnosis and treatment of different mycobacterial infections, as potential emerging technologies, and as an alternative treatment option.
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