Bacteriophages: an underestimated role in human and animal health?

Bacteriophages: an underestimated role in human and animal health?
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DOI:
10.3389/fcimb.2014.00039
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Petit MA
Petit MA
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
De Paepe M;Leclerc M;Tinsley CR;Petit MA

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应用于病毒的元基因组学方法突出了它们在几乎所有被调查的微生物生态系统中的盛行。在所有生态系统中,尤其是那些与人或动物相关的生态系统中,病毒部分由噬菌体主导。目前尚不清楚它们是否会导致失调,即偏离平衡共生状态下的微生物区系组成,进入有利于人类或动物疾病的状态。本文总结了与人和动物微生物区系相关的噬菌体的研究成果,并着重举例说明了噬菌体可能通过改变种群平衡、水平转移或调节免疫等几种方式对致病机制的转变。
Metagenomic approaches applied to viruses have highlighted their prevalence in almost all microbial ecosystems investigated. In all ecosystems, notably those associated with humans or animals, the viral fraction is dominated by bacteriophages. Whether they contribute to dysbiosis, i.e., the departure from microbiota composition in symbiosis at equilibrium and entry into a state favoring human or animal disease is unknown at present. This review summarizes what has been learnt on phages associated with human and animal microbiota, and focuses on examples illustrating the several ways by which phages may contribute to a shift to pathogenesis, either by modifying population equilibrium, by horizontal transfer, or by modulating immunity.
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