Single-cell RNA sequencing for the study of development, physiology and disease.

Single-cell RNA sequencing for the study of development, physiology and disease.
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单细胞RNA测序,用于研究发育,生理和疾病。

DOI:
10.1038/s41581-018-0021-7
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发表时间:
2018-08
期刊:
Nature reviews. Nephrology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Potter SS
Potter SS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Potter SS

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一场正在进行的技术革命正在不断提高我们对基因表达模式进行非常高分辨率研究的能力。目前的技术使得单细胞的全局基因表达谱能够被定义,从而促进对先前隐藏的细胞群体中的异质性的解剖。与使用大量RNA样品并仅提供不同组成细胞的虚拟平均值的基因表达研究相反,单细胞研究允许在复杂的群体混合物(例如肿瘤或发育中的器官)中对所有细胞类型进行分子区分。例如,单细胞基因表达谱有助于更好地理解组织学上相同的相邻细胞如何在发育过程中做出不同的分化决定。除了发展,单细胞基因表达研究使以前已知的细胞类型的特征得到更充分的定义,并促进了新的细胞类别的识别,有助于改善我们对正常和疾病相关的生理过程的理解,并导致新的治疗方法的识别。尽管仍有局限性有待克服,但用于分析单细胞基因表达模式的技术正在迅速改进,并开始提供人体内所有细胞类型的基因表达模式的详细图谱。
An ongoing technological revolution is continually improving our ability to carry out very high- resolution studies of gene expression patterns. Current technology enables the global gene expression profiles of single cells to be defined, facilitating dissection of heterogeneity in cell populations that was previously hidden. In contrast to gene expression studies that use bulk RNA samples and provide only a virtual average of the diverse constituent cells, single-cell studies allow the molecular distinction of all cell types within a complex population mix, such as a tumour or developing organ. For instance, single-cell gene expression profiling has contributed to improved understanding of how histologically identical, adjacent cells make different differentiation decisions during development. Beyond development, single-cell gene expression studies have enabled the characteristics of previously known cell types to be more fully defined and facilitated the identification of novel categories of cells, contributing to improvements in our understanding of both normal and disease-related physiological processes and leading to the identification of new treatment approaches. Although limitations remain to be overcome, technology for the analysis of single-cell gene expression patterns is improving rapidly and beginning to provide a detailed atlas of the gene expression patterns of all cell types in the human body.
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