Wind-modulated groundwater discharge along a microtidal Arctic coastline
Wind-modulated groundwater discharge along a microtidal Arctic coastline
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北极微潮海岸线受风调节的地下水排放
DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/acf0d8
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Cardenas, M. Bayani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guimond, Julia A.;Demir, Cansu;Kurylyk, Barret L.;Walvoord, Michelle A.;McClelland, James W.;Cardenas, M. Bayani
地下水排放将溶解的成分输送到海洋中，影响沿海的碳收支和水质。然而，由于观测有限，沿快速过渡的北极海岸线的地下水交换的规模和机制在很大程度上是未知的。在这里，使用首个此类数据，我们评估了阿拉斯加波弗特海沿岸地下水排放的规模和驱动因素。达西通量计算揭示了地下水通量的时间变化，范围从−6.5cmd−1(补给)到14.1cmd−1(排放)，在开放水域季节，地下水排放或含水层补给在日和多天时间尺度上存在波动。监测期间的平均通量为4.9 cm d−1，与先前的估计一致，但最大流量比先前的估计高出一个数量级以上。虽然由于小潮条件，日波动较小，但多日变化很大，并推动了含水层补给和地下水排放的持续周期。结果表明，风驱动的泻湖水位变化是海陆水头梯度波动的主要机制，进而影响地下水流量。考虑到波弗特海沿岸的小潮条件、低地形起伏和降雨量有限，我们认为风是沿海地下水排放和含水层补给的重要强迫机制，并对近岸生物地球化学产生了影响。这项研究提供了对沿这条海岸线的地下水通量随时间的动态的洞察，并突出了一个经常被忽视的排放和循环机制，这对改进对北极沿海水域的溶质出口估计有影响。
Groundwater discharge transports dissolved constituents to the ocean, affecting coastal carbon budgets and water quality. However, the magnitude and mechanisms of groundwater exchange along rapidly transitioning Arctic coastlines are largely unknown due to limited observations. Here, using first-of-its-kind coastal Arctic groundwater timeseries data, we evaluate the magnitude and drivers of groundwater discharge to Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast. Darcy flux calculations reveal temporally variable groundwater fluxes, ranging from− 6.5 cm d− 1 (recharge) to 14.1 cm d− 1 (discharge), with fluctuations in groundwater discharge or aquifer recharge over diurnal and multiday timescales during the open-water season. The average flux during the monitoring period of 4.9 cm d− 1 is in line with previous estimates, but the maximum discharge exceeds previous estimates by over an order-of-magnitude. While the diurnal fluctuations are small due to the microtidal conditions, multiday variability is large and drives sustained periods of aquifer recharge and groundwater discharge. Results show that wind-driven lagoon water level changes are the dominant mechanism of fluctuations in land–sea hydraulic head gradients and, in turn, groundwater discharge. Given the microtidal conditions, low topographic relief, and limited rainfall along the Beaufort Sea coast, we identify wind as an important forcing mechanism of coastal groundwater discharge and aquifer recharge with implications for nearshore biogeochemistry. This study provides insights into groundwater flux dynamics along this coastline over time and highlights an oft overlooked discharge and circulation mechanism with implications towards refining solute export estimates to coastal Arctic waters.
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