The thermal response of permafrost to coastal floodplain flooding

The thermal response of permafrost to coastal floodplain flooding
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永久冻土对沿海洪泛区洪水的热响应

DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/acba32
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Moulton, J. David
Moulton, J. David
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang, Yu;Jafarov, Elchin;Piliouras, Anastasia;Jones, Benjamin;Rowland, Joel C.;Moulton, J. David

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北极低洼地区的洪水可能会改变太阳辐射的表面反射率、增加地下土壤湿度和增加土壤热导率,从而使永久冻土变暖和融化。然而,人们对连续多年冻土环境中洪水对永久冻土的影响仍知之甚少。为了解决这一知识差距,我们结合了伊克皮克普克三角洲的现有洪水数据和数值模型来模拟沿海洪泛区洪水下的水热过程。我们首先根据Ikpikpuk的水位数据构建了三种最常见的洪水事件:春末夏初的融雪洪水、中夏末的洪水以及整个春夏的洪水。然后,使用高级陆地模拟器 (ATSv1.0)(一种完全耦合的永久冻土水文学和热动力学模型)模拟一维永久冻土柱的这些洪水事件对永久冻土的影响。我们的研究结果表明,沿海洪水对沿海永久冻土动态产生重要影响,对表层土壤产生冷却作用,对深层土壤产生变暖作用。几年的累积洪水事件可能会导致地下深处持续变暖,但会使表层冷却。洪水时机是永久冻土融化垂直范围和活动层加深的主要控制因素。
Flooding of low-lying Arctic regions has the potential to warm and thaw permafrost by changing the surface reflectance of solar insolation, increasing subsurface soil moisture, and increasing soil thermal conductivity. However, the impact of flooding on permafrost in the continuous permafrost environment remains poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we used a combination of available flooding data on the Ikpikpuk delta and a numerical model to simulate the hydro-thermal processes under coastal floodplain flooding. We first constructed the three most common flood events based on water level data on the Ikpikpuk: snowmelt floods in the late spring and early summer, middle and late summer floods, and floods throughout the whole spring and summer. Then the impact of these flooding events on the permafrost was simulated for one-dimensional permafrost columns using the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATSv1. 0), a fully coupled permafrost-hydrology and thermal dynamic model. Our results show that coastal floods have an important impact on coastal permafrost dynamics with a cooling effect on the surficial soil and a warming effect on the deeper soil. Cumulative flooding events over several years can cause continuous warming of the deep subsurface but cool down the surficial layer. Flood timing is a primary control of the vertical extent of the permafrost thaw and the active layer deepening.
气温升高和海平面上升对北极海岸的影响
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