Hypothesis: Tau pathology is an initiating factor in sporadic Alzheimer's disease.

Hypothesis: Tau pathology is an initiating factor in sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI:
10.1002/alz.12192
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发表时间:
2021-01
期刊:
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Braak H
Braak H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arnsten AFT;Datta D;Del Tredici K;Braak H

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阿尔茨海默病(sAD)常见的散发形式的病因尚不清楚。我们假设,在具有易感微环境的特定投射神经元内的tau病理可引发sAD。这一假设基于大量数据,这些数据表明在人脑中,tau病理出现在Aβ斑块(Aβps)形成前约十年,尤其靶向联合皮质中的谷氨酸投射神经元。来自衰老恒河猴的数据显示,脆弱神经元内存在异常的tau磷酸化,与钙调节异常有关。微管上异常磷酸化的tau(pTau)捕获含APP的内体,这会增加Aβ的产生。由于Aβ寡聚体增加tau的异常磷酸化,这将驱动恶性循环,在较长的生命周期内导致sAD病理,而遗传和环境因素可能会加速病理事件。这一假设可以在老年猴的联合皮质中进行验证,该皮质自然表达能够促进和维持异常tau磷酸化及Aβ产生的特征。
The etiology of the common, sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is unknown. We hypothesize that tau pathology within select projection neurons with susceptible microenvironments can initiate sAD. This postulate rests on extensive data demonstrating that in human brains tau pathology appears about a decade before the formation of Aβ plaques (Aβps), especially targeting glutamate projection neurons in the association cortex. Data from aging rhesus monkeys show abnormal tau phosphorylation within vulnerable neurons, associated with calcium dysregulation. Abnormally phosphorylated tau (pTau) on microtubules traps APP‐containing endosomes, which can increase Aβ production. As Aβ oligomers increase abnormal phosphorylation of tau, this would drive vicious cycles leading to sAD pathology over a long lifespan, with genetic and environmental factors that may accelerate pathological events. This hypothesis could be testable in the aged monkey association cortex that naturally expresses characteristics capable of promoting and sustaining abnormal tau phosphorylation and Aβ production.
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