High-resolution spectroscopy and high contrast imaging with the ELT: looking for O2 in Proxima b

High-resolution spectroscopy and high contrast imaging with the ELT: looking for O2 in Proxima b
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使用 ELT 进行高分辨率光谱和高对比度成像:在 Proxima b 中寻找 O2

DOI:
10.1093/mnras/stz323
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Hawker G
Hawker G
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hawker G

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我们研究了高对比度成像的要求,结合高分辨率光谱的互相关(CC)与已知的光谱模板,用于检测和表征反射光中的系外行星。我们模拟将该技术应用于一个潜在的可居住的Proxima b类行星,并表明O2 A波段的光谱特征可以使用ELT上的未来仪器在附近的岩石系外行星上检测到。该技术进行了更广泛的分析表明,探测行星和O2的信号-噪声比CC功能(SNRCC)>3时,可以得到模拟行星光谱的信号-噪声比(SNRspec)是从0.25到1.2。我们将限制的光谱分辨率,仪器对比度,点扩散函数(PSF),曝光时间和恒星光减法的系统误差,使这样的检测。我们发现,精确的恒星光减法(去除率为99.99%)和具有高空间分辨率的PSF是进行检测的关键。最后,进一步的研究表明,ELT可能会发现和表征不同光谱类型恒星周围的各种大小的行星,以及在附近M星周围的宜居带轨道上探测超级地球上的O2。
We research the requirements of high contrast imaging when combined with the cross-correlation (CC) of high-resolution spectra with known spectroscopic templates for detecting and characterizing exoplanets in reflected light. We simulate applying the technique to a potentially habitable Proxima b-like planet and show that the O2A-band spectral feature could feasibly be detected on nearby rocky exoplanets using future instruments on the ELT. The technique is then more widely analysed showing that detections of planets and O2with signal-to-noise ratio in the CC function (SNRCC) >3 can be obtained when the signal-to-noise ratio of the simulated planet spectrum (SNRspec) is from 0.25 to 1.2. We place constraints on the spectral resolution, instrument contrast, point spread function (PSF), exposure times and systematic error in stellar light subtraction for making such detections. We find that accurate stellar light subtraction (with 99.99 per cent removal) and PSFs with high spatial resolutions are key to making detections. Lastly a further investigation suggests the ELT could potentially discover and characterize planets of all sizes around different spectral type stars, as well as detecting O2on super-Earths with habitable zone orbits around nearby M stars.
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