Autophagy, a guardian against neurodegeneration.

Autophagy, a guardian against neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.02.008
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发表时间:
2010-09
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Rubinsztein, David C.
Rubinsztein, David C.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garcia-Arencibia, Moises;Hochfeld, Warren E.;Toh, Pearl P. C.;Rubinsztein, David C.

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自噬是一种细胞内降解过程,负责清除大多数长寿蛋白质和细胞器。细胞质成分被双膜自噬小体包裹,自噬小体随后与溶酶体融合进行降解。自噬功能障碍可能导致各种神经退行性疾病的病理改变,表现为蛋白质的异常积聚。由于自噬诱导增强了容易聚集的胞浆内蛋白的清除,这些蛋白导致神经退化(如突变的Huntingtin、tau和ataxin 3),并在细胞和动物模型中发挥细胞保护作用,因此上调自噬可能是由这些蛋白引起的疾病的一种易于处理的治疗策略。在这里,我们将回顾自噬的分子机制及其在神经退行性疾病中的作用。药物和相关的信号通路可能被作为药物诱导自噬的目标,也将被讨论。
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation process responsible for the clearance of most long-lived proteins and organelles. Cytoplasmic components are enclosed by double-membrane autophagosomes, which subsequently fuse with lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy dysfunction may contribute to the pathology of various neurodegenerative disorders, which manifest abnormal protein accumulation. As autophagy induction enhances the clearance of aggregate-prone intracytoplasmic proteins that cause neurodegeneration (like mutant huntingtin, tau and ataxin 3) and confers cytoprotective roles in cell and animal models, upregulating autophagy may be a tractable therapeutic strategy for diseases caused by such proteins. Here, we will review the molecular machinery of autophagy and its role in neurodegenerative diseases. Drugs and associated signalling pathways that may be targeted for pharmacological induction of autophagy will also be discussed.
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