Nomadic innovation in small-scale iron acquisition inspired by and dedicated to marginal steppe environments of Mongolia
Nomadic innovation in small-scale iron acquisition inspired by and dedicated to marginal steppe environments of Mongolia
复制标题
受蒙古边缘草原环境启发并致力于小规模铁收购的游牧创新
DOI：
10.1007/s12520-023-01714-7
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Burentogtokh, Jargalan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, Jang-Sik;Gardner, William;Burentogtokh, Jargalan
欧亚大草原上的游牧民族已经存在了几千年，为草原政治的出现铺平了道路，这些政治与定居的农业邻居保持着密切而动态的互动。尽管铁材料在这些移动的政治实体的起源中起着关键作用，但令人惊讶的是，人们对移动的牧民群体采用的铁获取模式知之甚少。对于远离人口中心的移动的社区来说尤其如此，在人口中心，技术能力和物质资源更有可能以创新的方式汇聚在一起。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个小铸铁对象轴承在熔融状态下的独特的热处理的证据，以获得快速脱碳，特别是小规模炼钢从非本地材料，铸铁的显微镜检查。这种高度复杂的技术是在位于蒙古中北部的蒙古人居住地现场进行的。这些研究结果很重要，因为它们表明蒙古草原的移动的牧民开发了各种小规模铁生产方法，使他们能够在物质文化、铁和钢生产这一最关键的领域之一享有一定程度的自给自足。
Pastoral nomadic groups in the Eurasian steppe were in existence for more than a few millennia, paving the way for the emergence of steppe polities that maintained close and dynamic interactions with their sedentary farming neighbors. Despite the critical role of iron materials in the genesis of these mobile political entities, surprisingly little is known about the mode of iron acquisition adopted by mobile pastoralist groups. This is particularly true for mobile communities located far away from the population centers where technological capabilities and material resources were more likely to converge in innovative ways. In this article, we present a microscopic examination of small cast iron objects bearing evidence of a unique thermal treatment in the molten state to obtain rapid decarburization, specifically for small-scale steelmaking from a non-local material, cast iron. This highly sophisticated technique was carried out on-site at a Mongol period habitation located in north-central Mongolia. These findings are important as they demonstrate that mobile pastoralists of the Mongolian steppe developed various methods of small-scale iron production that allowed them to enjoy a degree of self-sufficiency in one of the most critical areas of material culture, iron, and steel production.
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蒙古戈尔莫德2号匈奴王陵出土的中国式马车对冶金传统的启示
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
J. Park;D. Erdenebaatar;G. Eregzen
通讯作者：
G. Eregzen
DOI：
10.2307/3632644
发表时间：
1990-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Rostoker;B. Bronson
通讯作者：
W. Rostoker;B. Bronson
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
W. Honeychurch
通讯作者：
W. Honeychurch
蒙古的技术转型在铸铁制品的微观结构、化学成分和放射性碳年龄上表现得很明显
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Park;A. Chunag;E. Gelegdorj
通讯作者：
E. Gelegdorj
欧亚草原的移动住所：铁器时代早期可能居住空间的考古证据
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Gardner, William Ralston;Burentogtokh, Jargalan
通讯作者：
Burentogtokh, Jargalan