Chromosome evolution and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits in greater yam.
Chromosome evolution and the genetic basis of agronomically important traits in greater yam.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-29114-w
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发表时间：
2022-04-14
影响因子：
16.6
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
山药（学名：Arrea阿拉塔L.）为全世界数百万人提供粮食和收入保障。尽管其全球重要性，然而，大山药仍然是一个孤儿作物。在这里，我们解决这个资源缺口，提出了一个高度连续的染色体规模的基因组组装的D。阿拉塔与来自非洲育种种群的密集遗传图谱相结合。基因组序列揭示了一个古老的异源四倍体化的拟南芥血统，其次是广泛的全基因组重组。利用基因组工具，我们发现了抗炭疽病的数量性状基因座，一种破坏性的真菌病原山药，和几个块茎品质性状。育种系的基因组分析揭示了广泛的近亲繁殖以及广泛的杂合性，可能代表种间渐渗驯化过程中的区域。这些工具和见解将使山药育种者能够释放这种主要作物的潜力，并充分利用其对不同环境的适应性。虽然大山药为世界各地数百万人提供粮食和收入保障，但可用的基因组资源有限。在这里，作者报告了大山药基因组的染色体规模组装以及与炭疽病抗性和块茎性状相关的数量性状基因座。
The nutrient-rich tubers of the greater yam, Dioscorea alata L., provide food and income security for millions of people around the world. Despite its global importance, however, greater yam remains an orphan crop. Here, we address this resource gap by presenting a highly contiguous chromosome-scale genome assembly of D. alata combined with a dense genetic map derived from African breeding populations. The genome sequence reveals an ancient allotetraploidization in the Dioscorea lineage, followed by extensive genome-wide reorganization. Using the genomic tools, we find quantitative trait loci for resistance to anthracnose, a damaging fungal pathogen of yam, and several tuber quality traits. Genomic analysis of breeding lines reveals both extensive inbreeding as well as regions of extensive heterozygosity that may represent interspecific introgression during domestication. These tools and insights will enable yam breeders to unlock the potential of this staple crop and take full advantage of its adaptability to varied environments. While greater yam provides food and income security for millions of people around the world, there are limited genomic resources available. Here, the authors report a chromosome-scale assembly of the greater yam genome as well as quantitative trait loci associated with anthracnose resistance and tuber traits.
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