Allee effects under climate change
Allee effects under climate change
复制标题
气候变化下的阿利效应
作者：
L. Berec
了解气候变化如何影响种群动态对于评估生物多样性的未来至关重要。在这里，我问如何能Allee效应，发生时，平均个体健身减少在罕见的人群，应对温度升高。尽管Allee效应在入侵、受威胁和收获种群的生态学中发挥着作用，但气候变化对Allee效应的影响实际上是未知的。两个种群模型的分析表明，而捕食驱动的Allee效应一般减弱，随着温度的升高，由于需要寻找配偶的Allee效应预计会变得更强，当变暖发生。对于前一个模型，代谢理论表明，随着温度的升高，猎物的增长率应增加快于捕食者的攻击率。因此，温度升高会削弱Allee效应。在后者中，舞毒蛾种群模型，交配率随着变暖而增加，这是由于增强的雌性-雄性相遇率和温度引起的雌性和雄性成虫出现分布的变化。然而，男性和女性的死亡率也增加了，净效应是加强了Allee效应。这些结果也对害虫防治产生了影响，表明生物防治剂的增加可能不如使用杀虫剂或破坏交配那么有效。
Understanding how climate change affects population dynamics is crucial for assessing future of biodiversity. Here I ask how can Allee effects, occurring when mean individual fitness is reduced in rare populations, respond to increasing temperature. Despite the role Allee effects play in ecology of invasive, threatened and harvested populations, impacts of climate change on Allee effects are practically unknown. Analysis of two population models reveals that whereas the Allee effect driven by predation generally weakens as temperature increases, the Allee effect due to need of finding mates is predicted to become stronger when warming occurs. For the former model, the metabolic theory suggests that with increasing temperature prey growth rate should increase faster than predator attack rate. Increasing temperature thus weakens the Allee effect. In the latter, gypsy moth population model, mating rate increases with warming due to enhanced female−male encounter rate and temperature‐induced modifications in female and male adult emergence distributions. However, male and female mortality rates increase, too and the net effect is strengthening of the Allee effect. These results have repercussions also for pest control, indicating that augmentation of biocontrol agents may perhaps be not as effective as using pesticides or disrupting mating.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2012.0230
发表时间：
2012-11-05
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Binzer, Amrei;Guill, Christian;Rall, Bjoern C.
通讯作者：
Rall, Bjoern C.