Positive trace polynomials and the universal Procesi–Schacher conjecture
Positive trace polynomials and the universal Procesi–Schacher conjecture
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正迹多项式和普适 ProcesiâSchacher 猜想
DOI:
10.1112/plms.12156
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
J. Volcic
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
I. Klep;Š. Špenko;J. Volcic
Positivstellensätze are fundamental results in real algebraic geometry providing algebraic certificates for positivity of polynomials on semialgebraic sets. In this article, Positivstellensätze for trace polynomials positive on semialgebraic sets ofmatrices are provided. A Krivine–Stengle‐type Positivstellensatz is proved characterizing trace polynomials nonnegative on a general semialgebraic setusing weighted sums of Hermitian squares with denominators. The weights in these certificates are obtained from generators ofandtraces of Hermitian squares. For compact semialgebraic setsSchmüdgen‐ and Putinar‐type Positivstellensätze are obtained: every trace polynomial positive onhas a sum of Hermitian squares decomposition with weights and without denominators. The methods employed are inspired by invariant theory, classical real algebraic geometry and functional analysis.Procesi and Schacher in 1976 developed a theory of orderings and positivity on central simple algebras with involution and posed a Hilbert's 17th problem for a universal central simple algebra of degree: is every totally positive element a sum of Hermitian squares? They gave an affirmative answer for. In this paper, a negative answer foris presented. Consequently, including traces of Hermitian squares as weights in the Positivstellensätze is indispensable.
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