Can increasing albedo of existing ship wakes reduce climate change?
Can increasing albedo of existing ship wakes reduce climate change?
复制标题
增加现有船舶尾迹的反照率可以减少气候变化吗？
DOI：
10.1002/2015jd024201
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Crook J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crook J
太阳辐射管理计划有可能减轻全球变暖的影响。一个这样的计划可能是通过增加现有船舶尾流中气泡的宽度和面积来照亮海洋表面。在这里，我们表明，船舶尾流气泡的寿命需要从几分钟延长到几天，需要添加表面活性剂，船舶尾流面积增加到足以有一个显着的强迫。我们使用一个全球气候模型来模拟现有船舶的尾流增亮，方法是将尾流增亮系数增加0.2，并将尾流寿命增加×1440。这导致全球平均辐射强迫为−0.9 ± 0.6 Wm−2（北方半球为−1.8 ± 0.9 Wm− 2），全球平均地表温度降低0.5°C，陆地和北方半球的冷却更大，部分抵消了温室气体变暖。热带降水向南移动，但仍保持在目前的变化范围内。该方案的半球强迫不对称性是由于现有船舶分布的不对称性。如果尾流寿命可以达到3个月，全球平均辐射强迫可能达到−3 Wm−2。通过增加气泡寿命来增加尾流面积可能会导致更大的温度降低，但区域降水可能会进一步偏离当前的气候学，正如我们的均匀海洋环流模拟结果所表明的那样。或者，可以使用专门用于地球工程目的的额外船只来产生更大和更半球对称的强迫。
Solar radiation management schemes could potentially alleviate the impacts of global warming. One such scheme could be to brighten the surface of the ocean by increasing the albedo and areal extent of bubbles in the wakes of existing shipping. Here we show that ship wake bubble lifetimes would need to be extended from minutes to days, requiring the addition of surfactant, for ship wake area to be increased enough to have a significant forcing. We use a global climate model to simulate brightening the wakes of existing shipping by increasing wake albedo by 0.2 and increasing wake lifetime by ×1440. This yields a global mean radiative forcing of −0.9 ± 0.6 Wm−2(−1.8 ± 0.9 Wm−2in the Northern Hemisphere) and a 0.5°C reduction of global mean surface temperature with greater cooling over land and in the Northern Hemisphere, partially offsetting greenhouse gas warming. Tropical precipitation shifts southward but remains within current variability. The hemispheric forcing asymmetry of this scheme is due to the asymmetry in the distribution of existing shipping. If wake lifetime could reach ~3 months, the global mean radiative forcing could potentially reach −3 Wm−2. Increasing wake area through increasing bubble lifetime could result in a greater temperature reduction, but regional precipitation would likely deviate further from current climatology as suggested by results from our uniform ocean albedo simulation. Alternatively, additional ships specifically for the purpose of geoengineering could be used to produce a larger and more hemispherically symmetrical forcing.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Haywood, Jim M.;Jones, Andy;Stephenson, David
通讯作者：
Stephenson, David
影响因子：
5
作者：
Kumagai, Ichiro;Takahashi, Yoshiaki;Murai, Yuichi
通讯作者：
Murai, Yuichi
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kravitz, Ben;Caldeira, Ken;Yoon, Jin-Ho
通讯作者：
Yoon, Jin-Ho