Neighbourhood change and spatial inequalities in Cape Town

Neighbourhood change and spatial inequalities in Cape Town
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开普敦的社区变化和空间不平等

DOI:
10.1111/geoj.12400
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The Geographical Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lloyd C
Lloyd C
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lloyd C

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捕捉城市地区人口变化的动态需要访问多个时间点的地理细粒度和时间一致的数据。这些数据通常是不可用的,必须使用标准的人口数据来创建,而这些数据通常不能跨时期进行比较。在本文中,重点是改变空间不平等的开普敦,南非。本文详细介绍了两个人口普查年- 2001年和2011年的网格人口计数(250米乘250米)的生成方法。人口普查数据的小面积层(SAL),现场建筑计数(SBC)的数据,和开放的街道地图(OSM)的土地利用数据被用来构建一个网格的人口计数,然后重新分配到人口的细胞。使用面到点克里金法将群体计数从SAL重新分配到网格单元-该方法通过使用变异函数测量的感兴趣群体组的空间变异来提供信息。一个基于失业率人口网格的案例研究显示了网格如何用于绘制变化图,并在两个时间点测量整个城市的空间不平等。网格在捕捉精细尺度复杂性和正确解释社区之间的物理分离方面的优势得到了证明,结果表明,虽然广泛的不平等模式在时间上是一致的,但在一些社区中不平等现象明显增加。这些领域--以及导致某些领域进一步落后的原因--应该成为政策制定者关注的主题。
Capturing the dynamics of population change in urban areas necessitates access to geographically fine‐grained and temporally consistent data for several time points. Such data are generally not available and they must be created using standard population data which cannot usually be compared across time periods. In this paper, the focus is on changing spatial inequalities in Cape Town, South Africa. This paper details an approach to generation of gridded population counts (250 m by 250 m) for two census years – 2001 and 2011. Census data for Small Area Layers (SALs), Spot Building Count (SBC) data, and Open Street Map (OSM) landuse data were used to construct a grid of populated cells to which population counts are then reallocated. The reallocation of population counts from SALs to grid cells was undertaken using area‐to‐point kriging – an approach which is informed by the spatial variation in the population groups of interest as measured using the variogram. A case study based on population grids of unemployment rates shows how the grids can be used to chart changes and also to measure spatial inequalities across the city at two time points. The advantages of grids for capturing fine‐scale complexities and correctly accounting for physical separation between communities are demonstrated and the results show, while the broad patterns of inequality are consistent across time, there are pronounced increases in inequalities in some neighbourhoods. These areas – and what leads some areas to fall further behind – should be the subject of attention by policy‐makers.
用于分析网格人口数据的距离衰减的局部成本面模型
DOI: 10.1111/rssa.12047
发表时间: 2015
期刊: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society)
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