Metabolic Functions of G Protein-Coupled Receptors and β-Arrestin-Mediated Signaling Pathways in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.

Metabolic Functions of G Protein-Coupled Receptors and β-Arrestin-Mediated Signaling Pathways in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.
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DOI:
10.3389/fendo.2021.715877
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Oh D
Oh D
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oliveira de Souza C;Sun X;Oh D

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七跨膜受体(7 TMR),通常称为G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR),是当今使用的治疗药物的最常见靶标。许多研究表明,GPCR超家族的不同成员代表了治疗各种代谢紊乱(包括肥胖和2型糖尿病(T2 D))的潜在靶标。GPCR通常激活不同类型的异源三聚体G蛋白,其可被分为四种主要功能类型:Gαs,Gαi,Gαq/11和G12/13,以响应激动剂结合。越来越多的证据表明,GPCR也可以启动β-arrestin依赖性、G蛋白非依赖性信号传导。因此,在特定组织中激活特定GPCR的生理结果也可能受到β-抑制蛋白依赖性但G蛋白非依赖性信号传导途径的调节。在这篇综述中,我们将重点关注G蛋白和β-arrestin依赖的信号通路在肥胖和T2 D相关代谢紊乱的发展中的作用。
Seven transmembrane receptors (7TMRs), often termed G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are the most common target of therapeutic drugs used today. Many studies suggest that distinct members of the GPCR superfamily represent potential targets for the treatment of various metabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). GPCRs typically activate different classes of heterotrimeric G proteins, which can be subgrouped into four major functional types: Gαs, Gαi, Gαq/11, and G12/13, in response to agonist binding. Accumulating evidence suggests that GPCRs can also initiate β-arrestin-dependent, G protein-independent signaling. Thus, the physiological outcome of activating a certain GPCR in a particular tissue may also be modulated by β-arrestin-dependent, but G protein-independent signaling pathways. In this review, we will focus on the role of G protein- and β-arrestin-dependent signaling pathways in the development of obesity and T2D-related metabolic disorders.
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