A Chemist's Perspective on the Role of Phosphorus at the Origins of Life.
A Chemist's Perspective on the Role of Phosphorus at the Origins of Life.
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DOI：
10.3390/life7030031
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发表时间：
2017-07-13
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Powner MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernández-García C;Coggins AJ;Powner MW
磷酸盐在生物系统中发挥的核心作用表明它们在地球生命的出现中也发挥了重要作用。近年来，在了解磷酸盐可能对生元前化学的影响方面已经取得了许多重要进展，在这里，我们强调了生元前磷酸盐化学的两个重要方面。首先，我们讨论益生元磷酸化反应；我们特别将水性亲电磷酸化和水性亲核磷酸化策略与由解离磷酰基转移介导的干态磷酸化进行了对比。其次，我们讨论磷酸盐在生命起源化学中可以发挥的非结构作用。在这里，我们重点关注磷酸盐通过催化或缓冲作用引导益生元反应性的机制，以促进中性水中的选择性转化。概述了几种合成核苷酸、氨基酸和核心代谢物的益生元途径，这些途径由磷酸盐作为通用酸碱催化剂、pH 缓冲剂或化学缓冲剂促进或控制。这些简单而微妙的掺入和利用磷酸盐的机制，以协调选择性的、强大的生命前化学，再加上磷酸盐在生物化学中的核心和普遍保守的作用，提供了一个越来越清晰的信息，即了解磷酸盐化学将成为阐明地球生命起源的关键要素。
The central role that phosphates play in biological systems, suggests they also played an important role in the emergence of life on Earth. In recent years, numerous important advances have been made towards understanding the influence that phosphates may have had on prebiotic chemistry, and here, we highlight two important aspects of prebiotic phosphate chemistry. Firstly, we discuss prebiotic phosphorylation reactions; we specifically contrast aqueous electrophilic phosphorylation, and aqueous nucleophilic phosphorylation strategies, with dry-state phosphorylations that are mediated by dissociative phosphoryl-transfer. Secondly, we discuss the non-structural roles that phosphates can play in prebiotic chemistry. Here, we focus on the mechanisms by which phosphate has guided prebiotic reactivity through catalysis or buffering effects, to facilitating selective transformations in neutral water. Several prebiotic routes towards the synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, and core metabolites, that have been facilitated or controlled by phosphate acting as a general acid–base catalyst, pH buffer, or a chemical buffer, are outlined. These facile and subtle mechanisms for incorporation and exploitation of phosphates to orchestrate selective, robust prebiotic chemistry, coupled with the central and universally conserved roles of phosphates in biochemistry, provide an increasingly clear message that understanding phosphate chemistry will be a key element in elucidating the origins of life on Earth.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
BECK, A;LOHRMANN, R;ORGEL, LE
通讯作者：
ORGEL, LE
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
CHUNG, NM;LOHRMANN, R;RABINOWI.J
通讯作者：
RABINOWI.J
DOI：
10.1039/j39710001459
发表时间：
1971-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY C-ORGANIC
影响因子：
--
作者：
DEGANI, C;HALMANN, M
通讯作者：
HALMANN, M
影响因子：
15
作者：
FERRIS, JP;GOLDSTEI.G;BEAULIEU, DJ
通讯作者：
BEAULIEU, DJ
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Gao, X.;Liu, Y.;Zhao, Y. F.
通讯作者：
Zhao, Y. F.