A simple physics-based improvement to the positive degree day model

A simple physics-based improvement to the positive degree day model
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对正度日模型的基于物理的简单改进

DOI:
10.1017/jog.2018.55
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
RUAN, XIAOZHOU
RUAN, XIAOZHOU
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
TSAI, VICTOR C.;RUAN, XIAOZHOU

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融化的水对于了解冰川的健康和动态很重要。由于融化测量不常见,冰消融估计通常基于包括正度数日(PDD)模型在内的模型。PDD估计很受欢迎,因为它只需要输入气温,但缺乏能量平衡模型的物理动机。我们提出了一种基于物理的PDD模型的替代方案,该模型仍然只将空气/表面温度作为输入。该模型与PDD模型相似,只是考虑了冷冰需要升温时消融的时间滞后。该模型被表示为一个带有单个额外参数的微分方程式,该参数与近地表冰层的加热效率有关。在厚度为零的情况下,模型简化为PDD模型,为PDD模型提供了物理基础。将该模型应用于格陵兰岛的资料,对PDD模型进行了适度的改进,主要改进是对早期融化的更好的预报。这个新模型是一个有用的折衷方案,它结合了更真实模型的一些物理特性和PDD模型的简单性。该模型应该会改进对融水产量的估计,并在经验校准具有挑战性的情况下帮助约束PDD参数。
Meltwater is important to understanding glacier health and dynamics. Since melt measurements are uncommon, ice ablation estimates are often based on models including the positive degree day (PDD) model. The PDD estimate is popular since it only requires air temperature as input, but suffers from the lack of physical motivation of an energy-balance model. We present a physics-based alternative to the PDD model that still only takes air/surface temperature as input. The model resembles the PDD model except accounting for time lags in ablation when cold ice needs to be warmed. The model is expressed as a differential equation with a single extra parameter related to the efficiency of heating a near-surface layer of ice. With zero thickness, the model reduces to the PDD model, providing a physical basis for the PDD model. Applying the model to data from Greenland, it improves modestly upon the PDD model, with the main improvement being better prediction of early season melting. This new model is a useful compromise, with some of the physics of more realistic models and the simplicity of a PDD model. The model should improve estimates of meltwater production and help constrain PDD parameters when empirical calibration is challenging.
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