Predators reduce extinction risk in noisy metapopulations.

Predators reduce extinction risk in noisy metapopulations.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0011635
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发表时间:
2010-07-21
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Bonsall MB
Bonsall MB
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bull JC;Bonsall MB

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分散景观的空间结构可以通过促进当地的“救援效应”来增强区域人口的持久性。在小而脆弱的群体中,个体之间的偶然或随机事件可能对物种相互作用产生不成比例的巨大影响,这种局部过程尤其重要。然而,现有理论往往只描述区域尺度上的复合种群动态,忽视了栖息地斑块内多物种种群动态的作用。通过跨空间尺度的耦合分析,我们量化了实验宿主-寄生蜂集合种群动态中局部规模种群调节、区域扩散和噪声过程之间的相互作用。我们发现,社区复杂性的增加增加了当地人口动态之间的负相关性。使用简单的种群动态模型探索了支撑这一发现的潜在机制。我们的结果提出了一个悖论:寄生虽然在个体水平上明显损害宿主,但在种群水平上降低了灭绝风险。
Spatial structure across fragmented landscapes can enhance regional population persistence by promoting local “rescue effects.” In small, vulnerable populations, where chance or random events between individuals may have disproportionately large effects on species interactions, such local processes are particularly important. However, existing theory often only describes the dynamics of metapopulations at regional scales, neglecting the role of multispecies population dynamics within habitat patches. By coupling analysis across spatial scales we quantified the interaction between local scale population regulation, regional dispersal and noise processes in the dynamics of experimental host-parasitoid metapopulations. We find that increasing community complexity increases negative correlation between local population dynamics. A potential mechanism underpinning this finding was explored using a simple population dynamic model. Our results suggest a paradox: parasitism, whilst clearly damaging to hosts at the individual level, reduces extinction risk at the population level.
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