Bioactivity of fungal endophytes as a function of endophyte taxonomy and the taxonomy and distribution of their host plants.
Bioactivity of fungal endophytes as a function of endophyte taxonomy and the taxonomy and distribution of their host plants.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0073192
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kursar TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higginbotham SJ;Arnold AE;Ibañez A;Spadafora C;Coley PD;Kursar TA
真菌内生菌——在植物组织内生长而不会立即引起疾病迹象的真菌——是丰富多样的生物活性次生代谢产物的生产者。与热带植物叶片相关的内生菌是一个特别令人兴奋和相对未开发的新化合物来源。然而，药物发现的一个主要挑战在于制定有效回收高生物活性菌株的策略。作为一项为期15年的药物发现项目的一部分，研究人员从巴拿马9个地理位置不同的地区收集的3198种植物样本（被子植物和蕨类植物51目，105科，至少232属）中分离到了叶面内生菌。bbbb2700分离物培养上清提取物对人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）和疟疾、利什曼病和恰加斯病病原体的生物活性（体外生长抑制百分比，% IG）进行了测试。总体而言，32.7%的内生菌分离株至少在一项生物测定中具有高活性，包括不同真菌谱系、宿主谱系和采集点的代表。每次检测中高达17%的分离株具有高度活性。大多数生物活性菌株仅在一次检测中具有活性。真菌谱系在生物活性的发生率和程度上存在差异，来自特定植物分类群的真菌也是如此，从云雾林植物中分离的内生菌比低地森林中分离的内生菌具有更大的生物活性。我们的研究结果表明，利用寄主分类和森林类型来定制植物集合，并从特定目或科中选择内生菌进行栽培，将显著提高发现特定药物靶点的生物活性代谢物的效率和功效。
Fungal endophytes – fungi that grow within plant tissues without causing immediate signs of disease – are abundant and diverse producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. Endophytes associated with leaves of tropical plants are an especially exciting and relatively untapped source of novel compounds. However, one major challenge in drug discovery lies in developing strategies to efficiently recover highly bioactive strains. As part of a 15-year drug discovery project, foliar endophytes were isolated from 3198 plant samples (51 orders, 105 families and at least 232 genera of angiosperms and ferns) collected in nine geographically distinct regions of Panama. Extracts from culture supernatants of >2700 isolates were tested for bioactivity (in vitro percent inhibition of growth, % IG) against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and the causative agents of malaria, leishmaniasis, and Chagas' disease. Overall, 32.7% of endophyte isolates were highly active in at least one bioassay, including representatives of diverse fungal lineages, host lineages, and collection sites. Up to 17% of isolates tested per assay were highly active. Most bioactive strains were active in only one assay. Fungal lineages differed in the incidence and degree of bioactivity, as did fungi from particular plant taxa, and greater bioactivity was observed in endophytes isolated from plants in cloud forests vs. lowland forests. Our results suggest that using host taxonomy and forest type to tailor plant collections, and selecting endophytes from specific orders or families for cultivation, will markedly increase the efficiency and efficacy of discovering bioactive metabolites for particular pharmaceutical targets.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Arnold, AE;Asquith, NM
通讯作者：
Asquith, NM
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Campos FF;Rosa LH;Cota BB;Caligiorne RB;Rabello AL;Alves TM;Rosa CA;Zani CL
通讯作者：
Zani CL
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2533483100
发表时间：
2003-12-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Arnold, AE;Mejía, LC;Herre, EA
通讯作者：
Herre, EA
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Cota, Betania Barros;Rosa, Luiz Henrique;Zani, Carlos Leomar
通讯作者：
Zani, Carlos Leomar
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Gallup, JL;Sachs, JD
通讯作者：
Sachs, JD