Evidence, ideology, and the policy of community management in Africa

Evidence, ideology, and the policy of community management in Africa
复制标题

非洲社区管理的证据、意识形态和政策

DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/ab35be
复制
发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Whaley L
Whaley L
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Whaley L

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

本研究考察了非洲农村地下水供应社区管理政策的绩效。在整个非洲大陆,促进社区管理的政策几十年来一直主导着农村供水部门。因此,成立了数十万个村级委员会,负责管理配备手泵的社区水井。由于这些手泵中有很大一部分在任何时候都不起作用,因此越来越多的努力是针对了解这种“隐藏危机”的相互作用的社会和物理决定因素。我们在埃塞俄比亚、马拉维和乌干达的农村地区对600个地点的社区管理安排进行了调查,研究了管理能力与钻孔功能相关的程度,同时考虑了一系列背景变量。水管理安排(WMAs)的能力进行了评估,根据四个方面:金融系统;负担得起的维护和维修;决策,规则和领导;和外部支持。调查显示,73.3%的WMA具有中等或高容量。然而,我们发现WMA的容量和钻孔的功能之间没有很强的关系。在四个管理维度中,负担得起的维护和维修是钻孔功能的最佳预测因素。然而,这方面的能力被认为是最低的整体,61.9%的网站薄弱或不存在。我们的研究结果为社区管理政策提供了非常有限的支持,我们认为,仅凭证据并不能解释其数十年来的持续性。经过一个简短的历史分析,我们得出的结论是,可以在证据,意识形态和政策之间的关系中找到对这种模式的持久性的解释。我们认为,这是同样的关系,可能会确保社区管理的普及,在未来一段时间,尽管新的想法和证据相反。
This study examines the performance of the policy of community management for rural groundwater supply in Africa. Across the continent, policies that promote community management have dominated the rural water supply sector for decades. As a result, hundreds of thousands of village-level committees have been formed to manage community boreholes equipped with handpumps. With a significant proportion of these handpumps non-functional at any one time, increasing effort is targeted toward understanding the interacting social and physical determinants of this' hidden crisis'. We conducted a survey of community management arrangements across six hundred sites in rural Ethiopia, Malawi, and Uganda, examining the extent to which management capacity is related to borehole functionality whilst accounting for a range of contextual variables. The capacity of water management arrangements (WMAs) was assessed according to four dimensions: finance system; affordable maintenance and repair; decision making, rules, and leadership; and external support. The survey reveals that 73.3% of WMAs have medium or high capacity. However, we found no strong relationship between the capacity of the WMA and the functionality of the borehole. Of the four management dimensions, affordable maintenance and repair was the best predictor of borehole functionality. However, the capacity of this dimension was seen to be the lowest overall, with 61.9% of sites weak or non-existent. Our results provide very limited support for the policy of community management, and we suggest that evidence alone has not accounted for its persistence over decades. After a short historical analysis, we conclude that explanation for the endurance of this model can be found in the nexus between evidence, ideology, and policy. We argue that it is this same nexus that will likely ensure the popularity of community management for some time to come, despite new ideas and evidence to the contrary.
马拉维和博茨瓦纳基于社区的自然资源管理
DOI: --
发表时间: 2003
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
P. Blaikie
通讯作者: P. Blaikie
DOI: --
发表时间: 2011
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
H. Lockwood;Stef Smits
通讯作者: Stef Smits
DOI: --
发表时间: 1983
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
S. K. Chauhan;Z. Bihua;K. Gopalakrishnan;L. Hussain;A. Yeboah;F. Léal
通讯作者: F. Léal
批判制度主义:关键主题的综合和探索
DOI: --
发表时间: 2013
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
Kurt Hall;F. Cleaver;T. Franks;F. Maganga
通讯作者: F. Maganga
DOI: --
发表时间: 2017
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
E. Mwathunga;A. MacDonald;H. Bonsor;G. Chavula;Sembeyawo T. Banda;P. Mleta;S. Jumbo;G. Gwengweya;J. Ward;D. Lapworth;Luke Whaley;R. Lark
通讯作者: R. Lark