Circadian Clock and Sirtuins in Diabetic Lung: A Mechanistic Perspective
Circadian Clock and Sirtuins in Diabetic Lung: A Mechanistic Perspective
复制标题
糖尿病肺中的昼夜节律时钟和 Sirtuins：机制视角
DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2020.00173
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
陈厚早
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
周爽;戴依敏;曾小峰;陈厚早
糖尿病引起的靶器官如肾、心、眼、肝、皮肤和神经系统的组织损伤是糖尿病发病率和死亡率的重要因素。然而，肺是否应该被认为是糖尿病的靶器官已经讨论了几十年。越来越多的证据表明，在糖尿病患者中观察到肺的组织学改变和功能异常，提示肺是糖尿病的靶器官。糖尿病性肺的发病机制尚不清楚，但氧化应激、全身性炎症和过早衰老无疑是导致糖尿病性肺发病的原因。昼夜节律系统和Sirtuins在上述机制中发挥了重要作用。昼夜节律是哺乳动物内在的生物振荡，由生物钟系统驱动，周期接近24小时。该系统在调节能量代谢、氧化应激、炎症、细胞增殖和衰老等方面发挥重要作用，从而影响代谢相关疾病、慢性气道疾病和癌症。Sirtuins是一个依赖腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD+）的组蛋白去乙酰化酶家族，已被证明可以调节一系列生理过程并影响肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病（T2DM）、心脏病、癌症和衰老等疾病。在这篇综述中，我们总结了生物钟和Sirtuins在调节细胞过程中的作用的最新进展，并强调了生物钟和Sirtuins在糖尿病肺中的潜在相互作用。
Diabetes-induced tissue injuries in target organs such as the kidney, heart, eye, liver, skin, and nervous system contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of diabetes. However, whether the lung should be considered a diabetic target organ has been discussed for decades. Accumulating evidence shows that both pulmonary histological changes and functional abnormalities have been observed in diabetic patients, suggesting that the lung is a diabetic target organ. Mechanisms underlying diabetic lung are unclear, however, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and premature aging convincingly contribute to them. Circadian system and Sirtuins have been well-documented to play important roles in above mechanisms. Circadian rhythms are intrinsic mammalian biological oscillations with a period of near 24 h driven by the circadian clock system. This system plays an important role in the regulation of energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular proliferation and senescence, thus impacting metabolism-related diseases, chronic airway diseases and cancers. Sirtuins, a family of adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, have been demonstrated to regulate a series of physiological processes and affect diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), heart disease, cancer, and aging. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the roles of the circadian clock and Sirtuins in regulating cellular processes and highlight the potential interactions of the circadian clock and Sirtuins in the context of diabetic lung.
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