Mesolimbic dopamine release conveys causal associations.

Mesolimbic dopamine release conveys causal associations.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.abq6740
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发表时间:
2022-12-23
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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其他
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学会根据环境线索预测奖励对生存至关重要。人们相信,当结果偏离预期时,动物通过更新预测来学习预测奖励,而这种奖励预测错误(rpe)是由中脑边缘多巴胺系统发出信号的,这是学习的关键控制器。然而,与从rpe中学习前瞻性预测不同,动物可以通过学习奖励的回顾性原因来推断预测。因此,中脑边缘多巴胺是否传递了一种有时类似于RPE的因果关联信号仍然未知。我们开发了一种回溯因果学习的算法,发现中脑边缘多巴胺释放传达了因果关联,而不是RPE,从而挑战了奖励学习的主流理论。我们的研究结果重塑了联想学习的概念和生物学框架。
Learning to predict rewards based on environmental cues is essential for survival. It is believed that animals learn to predict rewards by updating predictions whenever the outcome deviates from expectations, and that such reward prediction errors (RPEs) are signaled by the mesolimbic dopamine system—a key controller of learning. However, instead of learning prospective predictions from RPEs, animals can infer predictions by learning the retrospective cause of rewards. Hence, whether mesolimbic dopamine instead conveys a causal associative signal that sometimes resembles RPE remains unknown. We developed an algorithm for retrospective causal learning and found that mesolimbic dopamine release conveys causal associations but not RPE, thereby challenging the dominant theory of reward learning. Our results reshape the conceptual and biological framework for associative learning.
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