Co-operation, Contestation and Complexity in Post-Conflict Security Sector Reform

Co-operation, Contestation and Complexity in Post-Conflict Security Sector Reform
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冲突后安全部门改革的合作、竞争和复杂性

DOI:
10.1080/17502977.2018.1516392
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
Eleanor Gordon
Eleanor Gordon
中科院分区:
法学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nadine Ansorg ; Eleanor Gordon

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安全部门改革仍然是建设和平干预措施的一个关键特征,通常由国家与国家和国际伙伴一道进行。参与安全部门改革的外部行为体往往遵循一种规范性议程,而这种议程往往很少考虑到冲突后社会的情况。尽管一再受到批评,但国际组织和双边捐助者的安全部门改革做法往往仍然侧重于国家机构,而往往没有充分关注其他安全提供者或现有的安全规范框架。本文对现有的研究进行了批判性的概述,并介绍了“冲突后安全部门改革中的合作,竞争和复杂性”的特刊。我们探讨了三个方面,增加了一个重要的一块拼图是什么构成有效的SSR。首先,冲突后国家规范采用、规范争议和规范实施的变化可能解释了建设和平方面好坏参半的结果。第二,国家内外不同的安全行动者众多,这往往导致改革方案中的多种合作和协调模式。第三,规范和行为者之间的多样性和紧张关系如何使建设和平的努力进一步复杂化,或者如复杂性理论所指出的那样,如何影响复杂和非线性的社会系统,即受冲突影响的环境。
Security Sector Reform (SSR) remains a key feature of peacebuilding interventions and is usually undertaken by a state alongside national and international partners. External actors engaged in SSR tend to follow a normative agenda that often has little regard for the context in post-conflict societies. Despite recurrent criticism, SSR practices of international organisations and bilateral donors often remain focused on state institutions, and often do not sufficiently attend to alternative providers of security or existing normative frameworks of security. This article provides a critical overview of existing research and introduces the special issue on ‘Co-operation, Contestation and Complexity in Post-Conflict Security Sector Reform’. We explore three aspects that add an important piece to the puzzle of what constitutes effective SSR. First, the variation of norm adoption, norm contestation and norm imposition in post-conflict countries that might explain the mixed results in terms of peacebuilding. Second, the multitude of different security actors within and beyond the state which often leads to multiple patterns of co-operation and contestation within reform programmes. And third, how both the multiplicity of and tension between norms and actors further complicate efforts to build peace or, as complexity theory would posit, influence the complex and non-linear social system that is the conflict-affected environment.
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