Divergence and Remarkable Diversity of the Y Chromosome in Guppies.

Divergence and Remarkable Diversity of the Y Chromosome in Guppies.
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孔雀鱼 Y 染色体的分歧和显着多样性。

DOI:
10.1093/molbev/msaa257
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发表时间:
2021-01-23
影响因子:
10.7
通讯作者:
Mank JE
Mank JE
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Almeida P;Sandkam BA;Morris J;Darolti I;Breden F;Mank JE

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孔雀鱼的性染色体在种群和密切相关的物种之间表现出非凡的多样性。为了了解孔雀鱼 Y 染色体的动态,我们使用链读测序来评估上游和下游种群对的 Y 染色体进化和多样性,这些种群对在三个复制流域中的捕食者和食物丰度有所不同。基于我们的种群特异性基因组组装,我们首先确认并扩展了孔雀鱼性染色体上两个阶层的早期报告。第一层显示出雄性特异性序列的显着积累,与 Y 分歧一致,并且早于特立尼达岛的殖民化。相比之下,Stratum II 显示与 X 的分歧,但没有 Y 特异性序列,并且与下游对相比,三个复制上游群体中的这种分歧更大。尽管长期以来一直假设性染色体重组抑制是通过倒位实现的,但我们没有发现倒位与第一层或第二层相关的证据。相反,我们观察到每个群体中的 Y 染色体单倍型存在显着的多样性,甚至在祖先的 I 层中也是如此。这种多样性可能是由于重组抑制的渐进机制,与倒位不同,它允许维持多个单倍型。此外,我们发现这种 Y 多样性主要由群体中分离的低频单倍型主导,这表明单倍型多样性与女性对罕见 Y 连锁颜色变异的偏好之间存在联系。我们的结果揭示了性染色体分歧早期阶段重组抑制和 Y 染色体分歧之间复杂的相互作用。
The guppy sex chromosomes show an extraordinary diversity in divergence across populations and closely related species. In order to understand the dynamics of the guppy Y chromosome, we used linked-read sequencing to assess Y chromosome evolution and diversity across upstream and downstream population pairs that vary in predator and food abundance in three replicate watersheds. Based on our population-specific genome assemblies, we first confirmed and extended earlier reports of two strata on the guppy sex chromosomes. Stratum I shows significant accumulation of male-specific sequence, consistent with Y divergence, and predates the colonization of Trinidad. In contrast, Stratum II shows divergence from the X, but no Y-specific sequence, and this divergence is greater in three replicate upstream populations compared with their downstream pair. Despite longstanding assumptions that sex chromosome recombination suppression is achieved through inversions, we find no evidence of inversions associated with either Stratum I or Stratum II. Instead, we observe a remarkable diversity in Y chromosome haplotypes within each population, even in the ancestral Stratum I. This diversity is likely due to gradual mechanisms of recombination suppression, which, unlike an inversion, allow for the maintenance of multiple haplotypes. In addition, we show that this Y diversity is dominated by low-frequency haplotypes segregating in the population, suggesting a link between haplotype diversity and female preference for rare Y-linked color variation. Our results reveal the complex interplay between recombination suppression and Y chromosome divergence at the earliest stages of sex chromosome divergence.
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发表时间: 2019-11-01
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