Plasticity of vagal brainstem circuits in the control of gastric function.
Plasticity of vagal brainstem circuits in the control of gastric function.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01592.x
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Travagli RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Browning KN;Travagli RA
来自内脏（包括胃肠（GI）道）的感觉信息通过传入迷走神经经由突触传递到孤束核（NTS）的神经元，孤束核整合该感觉信息以调节自主神经功能和稳态。除其他核外，主要使用GABA、谷氨酸和儿茶酚胺作为神经递质，将综合反应传递到迷走神经背侧运动核（DMV）的节前神经元。尽管被调制的几乎所有的神经递质测试到目前为止，NTS和DMV之间的神经元突触似乎并不紧张活跃的胃动力和张力的控制。相反，从NTS到DMV的紧张性抑制性GABA能神经传递在设定胃张力和运动性中似乎是关键的，然而，在基础条件下，该突触似乎对调制有抵抗力。在这里，我们回顾了现有的证据，表明迷走神经向胃肠道的传出输出以“按需”和有效的方式受到调节，甚至可能受到控制，以响应不断变化的体内平衡条件。本文综述了形成迷走-迷走反射回路的脑干神经元中第二信使水平的变化所诱导的可塑性。重点放在GABA能传递到DMV神经元的调制和神经激素/神经递质和大量营养素对胃肠道传入输入的调制上。脑干迷走神经回路的这种“按需”组织的紊乱可能是在功能性消化不良或高血糖性胃轻瘫中观察到的病理生理变化的潜在因素之一。
Sensory information from the viscera, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is transmitted through the afferent vagus via a glutamatergic synapse to neurons of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), which integrate this sensory information to regulate autonomic functions and homeostasis. The integrated response is conveyed to, amongst other nuclei, the preganglionic neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) using mainly GABA, glutamate and catecholamines as neurotransmitters. Despite being modulated by almost all the neurotransmitters tested so far, the glutamatergic synapse between NTS and DMV does not appear to be tonically active in the control of gastric motility and tone. Conversely, tonic inhibitory GABAergic neurotransmission from the NTS to the DMV appears critical in setting gastric tone and motility, yet, under basal conditions, this synapse appears resistant to modulation. Here, we review the available evidence suggesting that vagal efferent output to the GI tract is regulated, perhaps even controlled, in an “on-demand” and efficient manner in response to ever-changing homeostatic conditions. The focus of this review is on the plasticity induced by variations in the levels of second messengers in the brainstem neurons that form vago-vagal reflex circuits. Emphasis is placed upon the modulation of GABAergic transmission to DMV neurons and the modulation of afferent input from the GI tract by neurohormones/neurotransmitters and macronutrients. Derangement of this “on-demand” organization of brainstem vagal circuits may be one of the factors underlying the pathophysiological changes observed in functional dyspepsia or hyperglycemic gastroparesis.
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Browning, KN;Travagli, RA
通讯作者：
Travagli, RA
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Dockray, Graham J.
通讯作者：
Dockray, Graham J.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Browning KN;Travagli RA
通讯作者：
Travagli RA
影响因子：
12.6
作者：
Bredenoord, Albert J.;Chial, Heather J.;Murray, Joseph A.
通讯作者：
Murray, Joseph A.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.10.5573
发表时间：
1998-05-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Brismar, H;Asghar, M;Aperia, A
通讯作者：
Aperia, A